Description

Modernism and Nation Building

Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic

Sibel Bozdogan

  • $47.00s paperback (9780295981529) Add to Cart
  • hardcover not available
  • Published: August 2015
  • Subject Listing: Middle East Studies; Architecture
  • Bibliographic information: 380 pp., 240 illus., 7 x 10 in.
  • Series: Studies in Modernity and National Identity
  • Contents

Winner of the Alice Davis Hitchcock Award sponsored by the Society of Architectural Historians

Winner of the M. Fuat Koprulu Book Prize in Turkish Studies sponsored by the Turkish Studies Association

With the proclamation of the Turkish republic by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in 1923, Turkey's political and intellectual elites attempted to forge from the ruins of the Ottoman Empire a thoroughly modern, secular, European nation-state. Among many other public expressions of this bold social experiment, they imported modern architecture as both a visible symbol and an effective instrument of their modernizing agenda. They abandoned the prevailing Ottoman revivalist style and transformed the entire profession of architecture in Turkey according to the aesthetic canons and rationalist doctrines of European modernism.

In this book, the architectural historian Sibel Bozdogan offers a cultural history of modern Turkish architecture and its impact on European modernism from the Young Turk revolution of 1908 to the end of the Kemalist single-party regime in 1950.

Drawing on official propaganda publications, professional architectural journals, and popular magazines of the day, Bozdogan looks at Turkish architectural culture in its broad political, historical, and ideological context. She shows how modern architecture came to be the primary visual expression of the so-called republican revolution - especially in the case of representative public buildings and in the idealized form of the modern house. She also illustrates Turkish architects' efforts to legitimize modern forms on rational, scientific grounds and to "nationalize" them by showing their compatibility with Turkish building traditions.

After Ataturk's death in 1938, the initial revolutionary spirit in Turkish architectural culture gave way to nationalist trends in German and Italian architecture and to the inspiration of Central Asian and pre-Islamic Turkish monuments. The resulting departure from the distinct modernist aesthetic of the early 1930s toward a more classicized and monumental architecture representative of state power brought this heroic era of modern Turkish history to a close. Today, when Turkey's project of modernity is being critically reevaluated from many perspectives, this comprehensive survey of Kemalism's architectural legacy is timely and provocative.
Sibel Bozdogan is director of liberal studies at the Boston Architectural Center. She is the coeditor of Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey and the coauthor of Sedad Eldem: Architect in Turkey.
Contents
Preface
Introduction: Modernism on the Margins of Europe
First Moderns: The Legacy of Ottoman Revivalism
Inkilap Mimarisi: Architecture of Revolution
Aesthetics of Progress: Imagining an Industrial Nation
Yeni Mimari: The Making of a Modernist Profession
Living Modern: Cubic Houses and Apartments
Milli Mimari: Nationalizing the Modern
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Figure Sources
Index
Reviews

"The time-worn tale of the modern movement in architecture has gained a vital new chapter and fresh meanings in this exceptional study of Turkish modernism. . . . Bozdogan's study of the particular cultural and political circumstances for modernism in Turkey effectively destroys the notion that modern architecture in so-called non-Western cultures was merely an extension of Western developments and opens the door to much-needed parallel studies of modernism worldwide. This is postcolonial writing at its best."
-Choice

"There is no doubt that Bozdogan's study on Turkish architectural culture is an important piece of scholarship, one that will be read and reread by those of us interested in the negotiation of modernity and nationalism in Turkey. It also constitutes a significant contribution to the comparative study of 20th-century nationalisms."
-Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians

"An invaluable contribution to the history of early-twentieth-century architecture..whose inclusion in any survey of modern architecture is a necessity."
-CAA Reviews

"An interesting and engaging book that promises to become a cornerstone of our course syllabi for modern Turkish art, history, and politics. This is interdisciplinary work at its best; it utilizes architecture, history, political science, and cultural studies in a creative mix that is fresh, insightful and stimulating for further debate."
-H-Net Reviews