Computer Skills
Everyone needs basic computer skills to function in today's job market. These basic skills include the ability to use common application programs such as word-processors, spreadsheets, database programs, and presentation software. Additionally, use of email and familiarity with the internet are becoming basic requirements for most jobs.
Beyond the basic computer skills, requirements necessary to pursue computer-based careers can vary significantly depending on the nature of the career. Listed below are different categories of computer skills with some examples of the kinds of expertise that may be required in the job market. Most computer professionals will have a combination of the skills.
- Application Programs
- Expertise beyond the basic operation of computer application programs. The ability to teach others how to use the programs, troubleshoot when problems arise, and understand how to stretch the capability of the programs.
- Proficiency with a single category of application programs used in specific professions. Examples include graphics programs used in architecture, engineering, or graphic design, multimedia applications, programs used in accounting, and geographic information systems used in urban planning and land management.
- Web Tools
- Expertise with tools and protocols required to display text and graphics on the web. Knowledge of HTML is a minimum requirement. The Java programming language is frequently used for creating more dynamic web sites.
- Systems and Data Management
- Experience with different operating systems such as UNIX, Windows NT, and Windows 2000. Knowledge of computer networks (LAN, WAN), their design, required hardware and software, and principles of operation. The ability to troubleshoot problems involving computer networks. Fundamental knowledge of programming and script writing.
- Programming/Software Design
- Ability to write, execute, and debug computer software using one or more programming languages such as C, C++, Visual Basic, and Java.
- Computer Hardware
- For most computer-based professions, a basic knowledge of computer components, how they interconnect and communicate, is required. Positions involving the design of computer hardware will require a background in electrical or computer engineering.
Strategies for Building Computer Skills
Choosing a computer-related major (see Preparing for a Career with Computers) is one way to build computer skills. However, not everyone's interests and aptitudes are consistent with these majors (if you don't like math and physics, it's unlikely you'll be successful as an Electrical Engineering major). Fortunately, there are many ways of developing computer skills. Here are a few strategies you might consider.
- Buy a computer and use it. If you are unable to buy a computer, make use of the computer facilities on campus. Go beyond the basics of using a word-processor and surfing the web. Create your own homepage. Look for opportunities to make use of the computer in your class work and other day-to-day activities.
- Take CSE 142 and 143 to develop programming skills. There are four additional computer science courses available to non-CSE majors. Be aware that these are rigorous and time-consuming classes.
- Look for classes and professors that integrate the use of computers into the course work. Many majors have classes that deal with the application of computers within the discipline.
- Check out the workshops offered by UWired and the Academic Computing Center. Attend a workshop and then find ways to practice using the skills you have learned.
- The Library offers classes on how to use the many computerized research sources available. Included are classes on using the Web and designing Web pages.
- Do an internship, co-op, or community service project that involves the use of computers. Visit the Carlson Center (120 Mary Gates Hall) to learn more about service-learning opportunities. The Center for Career Services (134 Mary Gates Hall) has listings of internships and career-related student employment opportunities. Students focussing on engineering or science should visit the Engineering Co-op Program (353 Loew Hall).
- Research opportunities often require extensive computer use. Check out research opportunities through your major department advising office or through the Undergraduate Research Program (171 Mary Gates Hall).
- Community colleges offer a diverse set of computer skills classes. Look for an opportunity to take a course during the summer.
- UW Extension offers a wide range of technology-based certificate programs. Build one of these programs into your long-term planning.
It takes more than computer skills....
While computer skills are important, don't forget the other basic skills you need for success in the job market.
- Web designers must be able to write effectively and know how to integrate text and graphics.
- Strong problem-solving and interpersonal skills are a must for computer system managers.
- With technology changing so rapidly, the ability to quickly learn new information is critical to success in the computer industry.
