WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.500 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.500 --> 00:00:02.890 align:middle line:84% BRIANNA: Well, it is right about 9 o'clock. 00:00:02.890 --> 00:00:05.310 align:middle line:84% It only takes a second or so for folks to get on, 00:00:05.310 --> 00:00:10.683 align:middle line:84% so I'll just say a little bit about who we are. 00:00:10.683 --> 00:00:12.600 align:middle line:84% If you aren't familiar with us, AccessCSforAll 00:00:12.600 --> 00:00:16.440 align:middle line:84% is that NSF grant based at the University of Washington 00:00:16.440 --> 00:00:18.930 align:middle line:84% and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas 00:00:18.930 --> 00:00:23.310 align:middle line:84% focused on increasing the accessibility of K12 computer 00:00:23.310 --> 00:00:24.610 align:middle line:90% science education. 00:00:24.610 --> 00:00:27.210 align:middle line:84% So through these webinars, we're trying 00:00:27.210 --> 00:00:29.970 align:middle line:84% to get folks together from time to time 00:00:29.970 --> 00:00:34.450 align:middle line:84% to learn about accessible tools that exist out there. 00:00:34.450 --> 00:00:37.380 align:middle line:84% So today, we have Lauren Milne from Macalester College 00:00:37.380 --> 00:00:39.480 align:middle line:84% is going to tell us about Blocks4All, 00:00:39.480 --> 00:00:42.220 align:middle line:84% and I'll let Richard do the introduction. 00:00:42.220 --> 00:00:46.720 align:middle line:84% If you need the captions, there's a link in the chat. 00:00:46.720 --> 00:00:47.350 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Great. 00:00:47.350 --> 00:00:49.480 align:middle line:90% Thank you, Brianna. 00:00:49.480 --> 00:00:51.550 align:middle line:84% I will say that most of the people on this call 00:00:51.550 --> 00:00:56.020 align:middle line:84% are part of the AccessCSforAll development partners, 00:00:56.020 --> 00:00:59.110 align:middle line:84% so many of you have committed to working 00:00:59.110 --> 00:01:05.840 align:middle line:84% on developing tools and software for people with disabilities. 00:01:05.840 --> 00:01:10.510 align:middle line:84% So thank you all for coming, and it's my pleasure 00:01:10.510 --> 00:01:12.010 align:middle line:90% to introduce Lauren Milne. 00:01:12.010 --> 00:01:14.530 align:middle line:84% She was a former student of mine at the University 00:01:14.530 --> 00:01:16.120 align:middle line:90% of Washington. 00:01:16.120 --> 00:01:18.880 align:middle line:84% And while she was there, she was very inventive 00:01:18.880 --> 00:01:20.800 align:middle line:84% and invented this thing, Blocks4All. 00:01:20.800 --> 00:01:23.730 align:middle line:84% Of course, I challenged her to do it. 00:01:23.730 --> 00:01:28.810 align:middle line:84% You know, I knew all the block languages 00:01:28.810 --> 00:01:30.950 align:middle line:84% were inaccessible to blind children, 00:01:30.950 --> 00:01:39.070 align:middle line:84% and so they were left out of this things like the code.org 00:01:39.070 --> 00:01:39.700 align:middle line:90% activities. 00:01:39.700 --> 00:01:41.367 align:middle line:84% They just couldn't do them, because they 00:01:41.367 --> 00:01:43.190 align:middle line:90% weren't accessible. 00:01:43.190 --> 00:01:46.430 align:middle line:84% And she met the challenge, and today she's 00:01:46.430 --> 00:01:50.510 align:middle line:84% here to tell us about what's been going on during her time 00:01:50.510 --> 00:01:53.360 align:middle line:84% as a graduate student and also in the last couple of years 00:01:53.360 --> 00:01:56.920 align:middle line:84% at Macalester College where she's an assistant professor. 00:01:56.920 --> 00:01:59.660 align:middle line:84% Macalester by the way, is in Minnesota 00:01:59.660 --> 00:02:03.968 align:middle line:84% in St. Paul, Minnesota, so she loves Minnesota. 00:02:03.968 --> 00:02:05.260 align:middle line:90% I don't know why, but she does. 00:02:05.260 --> 00:02:08.194 align:middle line:90% [LAUGHTER] 00:02:08.194 --> 00:02:10.919 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Hello, can people hear me? 00:02:10.919 --> 00:02:11.520 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:02:11.520 --> 00:02:15.010 align:middle line:84% All right, yes, so I am calling from Minnesota. 00:02:15.010 --> 00:02:19.420 align:middle line:84% Thanks for-- once again-- thanks for the introduction, Richard. 00:02:19.420 --> 00:02:22.690 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to talk about Blocks4All today, 00:02:22.690 --> 00:02:27.370 align:middle line:84% and I thought I'd start by talking a little bit as Richard 00:02:27.370 --> 00:02:33.190 align:middle line:84% mentioned about blocks languages in general. 00:02:33.190 --> 00:02:38.280 align:middle line:90% So they started off-- 00:02:38.280 --> 00:02:42.690 align:middle line:90% let's see-- can I access this? 00:02:42.690 --> 00:02:47.380 align:middle line:84% Scratch is a very popular block based programming language 00:02:47.380 --> 00:02:54.820 align:middle line:84% where you basically can drag and drop different blocks of code 00:02:54.820 --> 00:02:57.820 align:middle line:90% to program avatars. 00:02:57.820 --> 00:03:00.460 align:middle line:84% And so these block based languages 00:03:00.460 --> 00:03:03.760 align:middle line:84% have become more and more popular for teaching children 00:03:03.760 --> 00:03:09.010 align:middle line:84% especially, but any novice how to code. 00:03:09.010 --> 00:03:15.470 align:middle line:84% And as Richard mentioned, the Hour of Code activities-- 00:03:15.470 --> 00:03:19.750 align:middle line:84% here, I pull up their websites-- and if you look, 00:03:19.750 --> 00:03:21.640 align:middle line:90% almost all of them are blocks. 00:03:21.640 --> 00:03:24.760 align:middle line:84% So Dance Parties, blocks, language one. 00:03:24.760 --> 00:03:26.680 align:middle line:84% Minecraft is a blocks language one. 00:03:26.680 --> 00:03:29.360 align:middle line:90% Make a Flappy game blocks. 00:03:29.360 --> 00:03:33.167 align:middle line:90% Star Wars blocks or JavaScript. 00:03:33.167 --> 00:03:35.000 align:middle line:84% So these are becoming more and more popular. 00:03:35.000 --> 00:03:38.950 align:middle line:84% But as you can kind of see, they're very visual in nature. 00:03:38.950 --> 00:03:43.720 align:middle line:84% You're dragging these puzzle piece like units of code 00:03:43.720 --> 00:03:46.210 align:middle line:90% around, and they don't-- 00:03:46.210 --> 00:03:48.490 align:middle line:84% we did a survey of all these block based languages-- 00:03:48.490 --> 00:03:55.180 align:middle line:84% and pretty much none of them had even rudimentary accessibility 00:03:55.180 --> 00:03:58.880 align:middle line:84% with screen readers, in particular, we looked at. 00:03:58.880 --> 00:04:01.990 align:middle line:84% So almost all of them you can't even 00:04:01.990 --> 00:04:03.620 align:middle line:90% access the blocks themself. 00:04:03.620 --> 00:04:05.950 align:middle line:84% Like nothing will be read aloud if you try and click 00:04:05.950 --> 00:04:08.650 align:middle line:84% on the blocks with the screen reader on. 00:04:08.650 --> 00:04:14.950 align:middle line:84% So because of that, we decided to develop our own block based 00:04:14.950 --> 00:04:17.709 align:middle line:84% programming language just to show that it is indeed 00:04:17.709 --> 00:04:21.100 align:middle line:90% possible to make it accessible. 00:04:21.100 --> 00:04:24.940 align:middle line:84% So we end up developing on an iPad. 00:04:24.940 --> 00:04:28.000 align:middle line:84% We really like the idea of having one where. 00:04:28.000 --> 00:04:30.550 align:middle line:84% We found out a lot of children's visual impairments 00:04:30.550 --> 00:04:32.320 align:middle line:90% were already using iPads. 00:04:32.320 --> 00:04:34.750 align:middle line:84% They come built in with Voiceover, 00:04:34.750 --> 00:04:38.180 align:middle line:90% which is a great screen reader. 00:04:38.180 --> 00:04:42.190 align:middle line:84% But we also really like the idea of having a touch screen 00:04:42.190 --> 00:04:45.040 align:middle line:84% so that we could convey some information spatially, 00:04:45.040 --> 00:04:48.190 align:middle line:84% so a lot of the how blocks were laid out 00:04:48.190 --> 00:04:52.120 align:middle line:84% or how the code was laid out was really visual and spatial 00:04:52.120 --> 00:04:55.720 align:middle line:84% in nature, and we wanted to preserve that. 00:04:55.720 --> 00:04:59.690 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to go ahead and share my screen. 00:04:59.690 --> 00:05:02.770 align:middle line:84% I think this should work with my iPad. 00:05:02.770 --> 00:05:07.900 align:middle line:90% 00:05:07.900 --> 00:05:10.030 align:middle line:90% It was working earlier. 00:05:10.030 --> 00:05:12.930 align:middle line:90% Let's see. 00:05:12.930 --> 00:05:14.670 align:middle line:90% Can people see that? 00:05:14.670 --> 00:05:15.580 align:middle line:90% BRIANNA: Yep. 00:05:15.580 --> 00:05:16.990 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: All right. 00:05:16.990 --> 00:05:22.120 align:middle line:84% So here is my iPad with the main screen of Blocks4All, 00:05:22.120 --> 00:05:24.340 align:middle line:84% and I currently have Voiceover on, 00:05:24.340 --> 00:05:26.613 align:middle line:84% and I think it should even be able to hear the audio, 00:05:26.613 --> 00:05:27.280 align:middle line:90% but let me know. 00:05:27.280 --> 00:05:35.760 align:middle line:90% 00:05:35.760 --> 00:05:41.870 align:middle line:84% All right so basically what we have is a Blocks workspace, 00:05:41.870 --> 00:05:44.800 align:middle line:84% and on the left side of the screen is the tool box, 00:05:44.800 --> 00:05:47.380 align:middle line:84% and the tool box has all of the different blocks 00:05:47.380 --> 00:05:49.032 align:middle line:90% you can place in the workspace. 00:05:49.032 --> 00:05:50.240 align:middle line:90% So I'm just going to iterate. 00:05:50.240 --> 00:05:53.272 align:middle line:84% I'm going to swipe through with Voiceovers, 00:05:53.272 --> 00:05:54.730 align:middle line:84% so I'm just swiping with my finger, 00:05:54.730 --> 00:05:57.010 align:middle line:84% and it should go through the different categories. 00:05:57.010 --> 00:05:58.600 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Animals category. 00:05:58.600 --> 00:05:59.308 align:middle line:90% Control category. 00:05:59.308 --> 00:06:01.225 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:06:01.225 --> 00:06:02.098 align:middle line:90% Drive category. 00:06:02.098 --> 00:06:03.890 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks this category. 00:06:03.890 --> 00:06:04.660 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So I can essentially 00:06:04.660 --> 00:06:05.805 align:middle line:84% go through the categories and then go back. 00:06:05.805 --> 00:06:06.110 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Control category. 00:06:06.110 --> 00:06:07.090 align:middle line:90% Animal category. 00:06:07.090 --> 00:06:09.400 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:06:09.400 --> 00:06:11.158 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Animals category. 00:06:11.158 --> 00:06:12.450 align:middle line:90% So I double tap to select that. 00:06:12.450 --> 00:06:12.750 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Selection. 00:06:12.750 --> 00:06:13.250 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:06:13.250 --> 00:06:15.020 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:06:15.020 --> 00:06:15.520 align:middle line:90% Animals. 00:06:15.520 --> 00:06:16.020 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:06:16.020 --> 00:06:17.320 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise. 00:06:17.320 --> 00:06:18.280 align:middle line:90% Make crocodile noise. 00:06:18.280 --> 00:06:19.480 align:middle line:90% Make dinosaur noise. 00:06:19.480 --> 00:06:20.510 align:middle line:90% Tool box. 00:06:20.510 --> 00:06:22.843 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place blocking workspace. 00:06:22.843 --> 00:06:24.760 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And essentially now on my blocks 00:06:24.760 --> 00:06:25.968 align:middle line:90% are successful in my toolbox. 00:06:25.968 --> 00:06:29.260 align:middle line:84% I'm going to go ahead and place the make dinosaur 00:06:29.260 --> 00:06:33.627 align:middle line:84% noise in my workspace, so I double tap to select. 00:06:33.627 --> 00:06:35.710 align:middle line:84% And this-- if you're not familiar with Voiceover-- 00:06:35.710 --> 00:06:39.380 align:middle line:84% is all standard how you interact with things with Voiceover. 00:06:39.380 --> 00:06:43.920 align:middle line:84% So I'll double tap to select the dinosaur block. 00:06:43.920 --> 00:06:45.420 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Make dinosaur noise selection. 00:06:45.420 --> 00:06:47.490 align:middle line:84% Select location in workspace to place it. 00:06:47.490 --> 00:06:48.850 align:middle line:90% Main menu button. 00:06:48.850 --> 00:06:50.475 align:middle line:84% Place make dinosaur noise at beginning. 00:06:50.475 --> 00:06:52.975 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And then I'm going to place it in my workspace 00:06:52.975 --> 00:06:53.700 align:middle line:90% here. 00:06:53.700 --> 00:06:54.783 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make dinosaur noise. 00:06:54.783 --> 00:06:55.990 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:06:55.990 --> 00:06:58.110 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:06:58.110 --> 00:07:00.990 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So as I said, now we basically 00:07:00.990 --> 00:07:05.583 align:middle line:84% have make dinosaur noise placed in my workspace. 00:07:05.583 --> 00:07:07.500 align:middle line:84% So I wanted to comment a little bit about what 00:07:07.500 --> 00:07:08.500 align:middle line:90% are the changes we made. 00:07:08.500 --> 00:07:12.510 align:middle line:84% How does this differ from a standard blocks based language. 00:07:12.510 --> 00:07:14.580 align:middle line:84% One, the blocks are actually accessible. 00:07:14.580 --> 00:07:16.440 align:middle line:84% They actually are read aloud when you touch 00:07:16.440 --> 00:07:19.830 align:middle line:90% them, which is very important. 00:07:19.830 --> 00:07:21.930 align:middle line:84% We tried, we actually make the blocks 00:07:21.930 --> 00:07:25.260 align:middle line:84% themselves are resizable, so if you have low vision, 00:07:25.260 --> 00:07:26.985 align:middle line:90% you can make them bigger. 00:07:26.985 --> 00:07:29.940 align:middle line:84% If you adjust your dynamic text in Voiceover over, 00:07:29.940 --> 00:07:31.860 align:middle line:90% they become bigger. 00:07:31.860 --> 00:07:36.180 align:middle line:84% And in general, we made them large icons that 00:07:36.180 --> 00:07:38.670 align:middle line:90% were relatively easy to see. 00:07:38.670 --> 00:07:42.010 align:middle line:84% The other thing we did is that we got rid of drag and drop. 00:07:42.010 --> 00:07:44.670 align:middle line:84% So traditionally with the blocks based languages, almost 00:07:44.670 --> 00:07:49.830 align:middle line:84% all of them are drag and drop, which does not work very well 00:07:49.830 --> 00:07:51.660 align:middle line:90% at all with screen readers. 00:07:51.660 --> 00:07:53.755 align:middle line:84% So instead, we have select-select drop. 00:07:53.755 --> 00:07:56.940 align:middle line:84% So you select a block of the tool box around the workspace, 00:07:56.940 --> 00:07:59.470 align:middle line:84% and then you select where you want it to go. 00:07:59.470 --> 00:08:00.775 align:middle line:90% So I go back and-- 00:08:00.775 --> 00:08:01.900 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make crocodile noise. 00:08:01.900 --> 00:08:02.730 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise. 00:08:02.730 --> 00:08:03.400 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Maybe select-- 00:08:03.400 --> 00:08:03.840 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox. 00:08:03.840 --> 00:08:04.590 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:08:04.590 --> 00:08:06.205 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Make cat noise. 00:08:06.205 --> 00:08:07.610 align:middle line:90% I once again select it. 00:08:07.610 --> 00:08:08.300 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make cat noise selection. 00:08:08.300 --> 00:08:09.860 align:middle line:84% Select location in workplace to place it. 00:08:09.860 --> 00:08:10.920 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: It's selected, and I can place it. 00:08:10.920 --> 00:08:12.340 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Place make cat noise before make dinosaur noise. 00:08:12.340 --> 00:08:13.860 align:middle line:90% Workspace block one of one. 00:08:13.860 --> 00:08:14.370 align:middle line:90% Double tap. 00:08:14.370 --> 00:08:15.040 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise. 00:08:15.040 --> 00:08:15.380 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Right there. 00:08:15.380 --> 00:08:16.130 align:middle line:90% IPAD: In tool box. 00:08:16.130 --> 00:08:19.860 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:08:19.860 --> 00:08:24.630 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So that's the basics of how the app works, 00:08:24.630 --> 00:08:27.540 align:middle line:84% and then of course the other thing 00:08:27.540 --> 00:08:31.300 align:middle line:84% we did is that we wanted to make the output accessible. 00:08:31.300 --> 00:08:34.145 align:middle line:84% So when you think about Scratch or some 00:08:34.145 --> 00:08:35.520 align:middle line:84% of the other ones, a lot of times 00:08:35.520 --> 00:08:39.350 align:middle line:84% they just have a visual avatar on the screen 00:08:39.350 --> 00:08:41.520 align:middle line:90% that you can control. 00:08:41.520 --> 00:08:44.530 align:middle line:84% But if you're visually impaired, that may not be that useful. 00:08:44.530 --> 00:08:51.490 align:middle line:84% So we end up using a robot, and I don't have my awesome robot, 00:08:51.490 --> 00:08:56.050 align:middle line:84% but I have a slightly less awesome-- let me see how to-- 00:08:56.050 --> 00:09:01.490 align:middle line:84% this is the robot, Dot, and it actually-- 00:09:01.490 --> 00:09:05.330 align:middle line:84% so the application works with the Wonder Workshop robots. 00:09:05.330 --> 00:09:08.260 align:middle line:84% There's Dash, which is like a bigger one and moves around 00:09:08.260 --> 00:09:10.840 align:middle line:84% and Dot, which is just a stationary robot that 00:09:10.840 --> 00:09:12.570 align:middle line:90% pretty much just makes noises. 00:09:12.570 --> 00:09:14.200 align:middle line:90% And I just have Dot there. 00:09:14.200 --> 00:09:22.724 align:middle line:90% But if I go back to my iPad. 00:09:22.724 --> 00:09:26.620 align:middle line:90% 00:09:26.620 --> 00:09:28.450 align:middle line:90% Zoom share. 00:09:28.450 --> 00:09:29.130 align:middle line:90% OK. 00:09:29.130 --> 00:09:29.880 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Play button. 00:09:29.880 --> 00:09:31.755 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Now if I go to the play button. 00:09:31.755 --> 00:09:33.260 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make your robot go. 00:09:33.260 --> 00:09:33.760 align:middle line:90% Stop. 00:09:33.760 --> 00:09:36.260 align:middle line:90% [MEOWING] 00:09:36.260 --> 00:09:38.260 align:middle line:90% [ROARING] 00:09:38.260 --> 00:09:38.760 align:middle line:90% Play button. 00:09:38.760 --> 00:09:40.843 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I don't know if you could hear that, 00:09:40.843 --> 00:09:43.480 align:middle line:84% but the robot meowed and then made a scary dinosaur noise. 00:09:43.480 --> 00:09:46.570 align:middle line:90% 00:09:46.570 --> 00:09:51.775 align:middle line:84% So we did a number of different blocks we have, so basic-- 00:09:51.775 --> 00:09:52.400 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Tool box. 00:09:52.400 --> 00:09:53.590 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:09:53.590 --> 00:09:55.820 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Noise making blocks. 00:09:55.820 --> 00:09:56.455 align:middle line:90% We have some-- 00:09:56.455 --> 00:09:57.080 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Tool box. 00:09:57.080 --> 00:09:57.803 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:09:57.803 --> 00:09:59.470 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Common control structures. 00:09:59.470 --> 00:10:00.500 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Control category. 00:10:00.500 --> 00:10:01.000 align:middle line:90% Double tap. 00:10:01.000 --> 00:10:01.500 align:middle line:90% Selection. 00:10:01.500 --> 00:10:02.020 align:middle line:90% Tool box. 00:10:02.020 --> 00:10:03.830 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:10:03.830 --> 00:10:04.330 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:10:04.330 --> 00:10:05.630 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:10:05.630 --> 00:10:06.130 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:10:06.130 --> 00:10:07.940 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:10:07.940 --> 00:10:12.380 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: We have a repeat block so that you can 00:10:12.380 --> 00:10:14.310 align:middle line:90% repeat things multiple times. 00:10:14.310 --> 00:10:14.810 align:middle line:90% Repeat 00:10:14.810 --> 00:10:15.740 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Forever. 00:10:15.740 --> 00:10:16.480 align:middle line:90% In tool box. 00:10:16.480 --> 00:10:18.180 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:10:18.180 --> 00:10:20.263 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: We even have a repeat forever block, 00:10:20.263 --> 00:10:21.120 align:middle line:90% so you can repeat-- 00:10:21.120 --> 00:10:22.950 align:middle line:84% I think it technically is not forever-- 00:10:22.950 --> 00:10:26.930 align:middle line:84% I think it maybe stops after 100 repeats or something. 00:10:26.930 --> 00:10:30.620 align:middle line:84% And we realized this summer when we added that block that we now 00:10:30.620 --> 00:10:33.716 align:middle line:84% needed a way to stop repeating after someone added that 00:10:33.716 --> 00:10:35.790 align:middle line:90% to your workspace. 00:10:35.790 --> 00:10:37.075 align:middle line:90% IPAD: In tool box. 00:10:37.075 --> 00:10:38.700 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:10:38.700 --> 00:10:40.158 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: We have conditionals, 00:10:40.158 --> 00:10:45.160 align:middle line:84% so if statements-- we're working on adding else statements. 00:10:45.160 --> 00:10:46.410 align:middle line:90% And then this one I think is-- 00:10:46.410 --> 00:10:47.540 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Wait for time. 00:10:47.540 --> 00:10:48.200 align:middle line:90% In tool box. 00:10:48.200 --> 00:10:49.625 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:10:49.625 --> 00:10:49.940 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:10:49.940 --> 00:10:51.550 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: But I'll go ahead and add-- 00:10:51.550 --> 00:10:52.300 align:middle line:90% IPAD: In tool box. 00:10:52.300 --> 00:10:54.230 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:10:54.230 --> 00:10:55.772 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Talking over Voiceover. 00:10:55.772 --> 00:10:57.828 align:middle line:84% I'll go ahead and add a repeat block 00:10:57.828 --> 00:10:59.120 align:middle line:90% so you can see what looks like. 00:10:59.120 --> 00:11:00.592 align:middle line:90% So I select it. 00:11:00.592 --> 00:11:01.550 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Repeat selection. 00:11:01.550 --> 00:11:03.693 align:middle line:84% Select location in workspace to place it. 00:11:03.693 --> 00:11:05.360 align:middle line:84% Place repeat before make dinosaur noise. 00:11:05.360 --> 00:11:06.930 align:middle line:90% Workspace block two of two. 00:11:06.930 --> 00:11:08.700 align:middle line:84% Double tap to add repeat block here. 00:11:08.700 --> 00:11:10.430 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:11:10.430 --> 00:11:11.120 align:middle line:90% In tool box. 00:11:11.120 --> 00:11:12.840 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:11:12.840 --> 00:11:13.840 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: All right. 00:11:13.840 --> 00:11:15.775 align:middle line:90% So now I have-- 00:11:15.775 --> 00:11:16.650 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make cat noise. 00:11:16.650 --> 00:11:17.080 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Make cat noise. 00:11:17.080 --> 00:11:18.140 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Workspace block one of four. 00:11:18.140 --> 00:11:19.150 align:middle line:90% Repeat two times. 00:11:19.150 --> 00:11:20.560 align:middle line:90% Workspace block two of four. 00:11:20.560 --> 00:11:22.652 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: My repeat block. 00:11:22.652 --> 00:11:23.360 align:middle line:90% IPAD: End repeat. 00:11:23.360 --> 00:11:23.830 align:middle line:90% Workspace block three of four. 00:11:23.830 --> 00:11:24.830 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And an end repeat block. 00:11:24.830 --> 00:11:26.340 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Double tap to move block. 00:11:26.340 --> 00:11:27.150 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And right now there's 00:11:27.150 --> 00:11:29.760 align:middle line:84% nothing inside my repeat block, so it wouldn't actually repeat 00:11:29.760 --> 00:11:30.380 align:middle line:90% anything, so I can move-- 00:11:30.380 --> 00:11:31.463 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make dinosaur noise. 00:11:31.463 --> 00:11:32.800 align:middle line:90% Workspace block four of four. 00:11:32.800 --> 00:11:33.880 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:11:33.880 --> 00:11:35.380 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I'll move the dinosaur 00:11:35.380 --> 00:11:36.687 align:middle line:90% block inside the repeat block 00:11:36.687 --> 00:11:37.770 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make dinosaur noise. 00:11:37.770 --> 00:11:39.110 align:middle line:84% Place make dinosaur noise before end repeat. 00:11:39.110 --> 00:11:40.240 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 3 of 3. 00:11:40.240 --> 00:11:41.260 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:11:41.260 --> 00:11:41.790 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:11:41.790 --> 00:11:43.260 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:11:43.260 --> 00:11:44.260 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: All right. 00:11:44.260 --> 00:11:46.180 align:middle line:84% So I just wanted to point out sort 00:11:46.180 --> 00:11:48.180 align:middle line:84% of similar to some of the other block languages. 00:11:48.180 --> 00:11:52.710 align:middle line:84% We now have the sort of nested blocks 00:11:52.710 --> 00:11:55.150 align:middle line:84% are nested inside controlled structures. 00:11:55.150 --> 00:11:59.010 align:middle line:84% So this dinosaur block looks like it's inside 00:11:59.010 --> 00:12:00.650 align:middle line:90% of a repeat block. 00:12:00.650 --> 00:12:02.910 align:middle line:84% And it's kind of lifted up vertically. 00:12:02.910 --> 00:12:08.290 align:middle line:84% So when I nav it-- so I'm going to navigate across the screen. 00:12:08.290 --> 00:12:12.717 align:middle line:84% And it will actually read about of where this. 00:12:12.717 --> 00:12:14.550 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Lauren, can I just add a little bit 00:12:14.550 --> 00:12:15.750 align:middle line:90% to what you're saying? 00:12:15.750 --> 00:12:18.790 align:middle line:84% Just because things are happening fairly fast. 00:12:18.790 --> 00:12:21.810 align:middle line:84% So, Lauren, is using the one finger explore. 00:12:21.810 --> 00:12:24.180 align:middle line:84% So you can explore the screen with one finger. 00:12:24.180 --> 00:12:26.290 align:middle line:84% And if you touch something that is like a block, 00:12:26.290 --> 00:12:28.510 align:middle line:90% it'll read out what it is. 00:12:28.510 --> 00:12:32.130 align:middle line:84% And then, if somebody has just read out, 00:12:32.130 --> 00:12:34.710 align:middle line:84% she can double tap anywhere on the screen, 00:12:34.710 --> 00:12:36.960 align:middle line:90% and a that'll select that block. 00:12:36.960 --> 00:12:38.458 align:middle line:84% And now you're in a different mode. 00:12:38.458 --> 00:12:40.500 align:middle line:84% You're in the mode of waiting to see where you're 00:12:40.500 --> 00:12:42.310 align:middle line:90% going to place the block. 00:12:42.310 --> 00:12:43.440 align:middle line:90% And so what you did-- 00:12:43.440 --> 00:12:46.950 align:middle line:84% the last thing she did was she found the dinosaur, which 00:12:46.950 --> 00:12:48.900 align:middle line:90% was already in the program. 00:12:48.900 --> 00:12:50.340 align:middle line:90% She selected it. 00:12:50.340 --> 00:12:56.030 align:middle line:84% And then she placed it before the end of the repeat loop. 00:12:56.030 --> 00:13:00.180 align:middle line:84% And all that was done by selecting with one finger 00:13:00.180 --> 00:13:01.800 align:middle line:84% explore, and select with one finger, 00:13:01.800 --> 00:13:05.260 align:middle line:84% and then double tap to select it, and so on. 00:13:05.260 --> 00:13:07.360 align:middle line:90% So hopefully, that's clear. 00:13:07.360 --> 00:13:09.990 align:middle line:84% So you we're going pretty fast there, Lauren, by the way. 00:13:09.990 --> 00:13:10.830 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Sorry. 00:13:10.830 --> 00:13:14.250 align:middle line:84% Please feel free to interrupt me if I'm going too fast. 00:13:14.250 --> 00:13:16.800 align:middle line:90% 00:13:16.800 --> 00:13:17.640 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:13:17.640 --> 00:13:19.260 align:middle line:84% The other thing I want to note is 00:13:19.260 --> 00:13:22.110 align:middle line:84% that there is on Apple now with Voiceover, 00:13:22.110 --> 00:13:23.680 align:middle line:90% they have an alternative. 00:13:23.680 --> 00:13:25.800 align:middle line:84% So one of the big things, as I mentioned, 00:13:25.800 --> 00:13:30.840 align:middle line:84% was drag and drop is really hard to work with a screen reader. 00:13:30.840 --> 00:13:34.080 align:middle line:84% And Apple has a drag and drop alternative, 00:13:34.080 --> 00:13:36.480 align:middle line:84% which is essentially, if you're a Voiceover expert, 00:13:36.480 --> 00:13:40.270 align:middle line:84% you select from what's called the rotor menu. 00:13:40.270 --> 00:13:42.240 align:middle line:84% But when we were testing, we tested 00:13:42.240 --> 00:13:45.600 align:middle line:84% with kids that were between five and twelve years old. 00:13:45.600 --> 00:13:47.700 align:middle line:84% And we found that they had a ton of trouble 00:13:47.700 --> 00:13:50.970 align:middle line:84% with accessing items in the rotor menu, 00:13:50.970 --> 00:13:53.730 align:middle line:84% or even sort of the more advanced features of Voiceover. 00:13:53.730 --> 00:13:57.720 align:middle line:84% So we really tried to make the app work kind of exclusively 00:13:57.720 --> 00:14:02.010 align:middle line:84% with just sort of touching items on the screen, 00:14:02.010 --> 00:14:03.940 align:middle line:84% and then double tapping to select. 00:14:03.940 --> 00:14:07.920 align:middle line:84% Those are sort of the only two gestures 00:14:07.920 --> 00:14:12.198 align:middle line:84% you need to be able to perform to use it with Voiceover. 00:14:12.198 --> 00:14:13.740 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Sorry, can I ask a question? 00:14:13.740 --> 00:14:14.782 align:middle line:90% I don't want to inerrupt. 00:14:14.782 --> 00:14:16.112 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Well, yeah. 00:14:16.112 --> 00:14:18.320 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Could you talk a little bit more about that? 00:14:18.320 --> 00:14:19.920 align:middle line:84% The kind of problems you saw with kids. 00:14:19.920 --> 00:14:21.030 align:middle line:90% I've read the papers and stuff. 00:14:21.030 --> 00:14:23.340 align:middle line:84% But I'm just curious about your firsthand experience 00:14:23.340 --> 00:14:24.090 align:middle line:90% because I was-- 00:14:24.090 --> 00:14:27.640 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah, so it was really interesting. 00:14:27.640 --> 00:14:29.580 align:middle line:84% In the initial study, we had one student 00:14:29.580 --> 00:14:32.760 align:middle line:90% who was Voiceover expert. 00:14:32.760 --> 00:14:36.060 align:middle line:84% But actually preferred to use the keyboard a lot 00:14:36.060 --> 00:14:39.537 align:middle line:90% with his iPad. 00:14:39.537 --> 00:14:42.120 align:middle line:84% But when using rotor and stuff, he didn't really have trouble. 00:14:42.120 --> 00:14:46.890 align:middle line:84% But a lot of the students were really learning Voiceover 00:14:46.890 --> 00:14:49.200 align:middle line:90% while they're doing it. 00:14:49.200 --> 00:14:52.080 align:middle line:84% I had some students who even had trouble with double tapping 00:14:52.080 --> 00:14:57.200 align:middle line:84% and would use the keyboard control to double tap instead. 00:14:57.200 --> 00:14:59.730 align:middle line:84% But the rotor action was really challenging. 00:14:59.730 --> 00:15:02.980 align:middle line:90% 00:15:02.980 --> 00:15:05.390 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:15:05.390 --> 00:15:07.220 align:middle line:90% They had never used it before. 00:15:07.220 --> 00:15:10.580 align:middle line:90% 00:15:10.580 --> 00:15:12.440 align:middle line:90% I tried to walk them through it. 00:15:12.440 --> 00:15:15.785 align:middle line:84% But I think it was just sort of-- 00:15:15.785 --> 00:15:17.285 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Yeah, that's pretty tricky. 00:15:17.285 --> 00:15:19.210 align:middle line:84% So let me answer a little bit more on that. 00:15:19.210 --> 00:15:23.680 align:middle line:84% So the choices that Lauren made for the interface 00:15:23.680 --> 00:15:27.640 align:middle line:84% were things that kids were either learning or already knew 00:15:27.640 --> 00:15:29.020 align:middle line:90% about Voiceover. 00:15:29.020 --> 00:15:31.570 align:middle line:84% So she wasn't inventing a whole new interface. 00:15:31.570 --> 00:15:33.130 align:middle line:84% She was building on their knowledge, 00:15:33.130 --> 00:15:35.890 align:middle line:84% or their current knowledge, or the knowledge they're 00:15:35.890 --> 00:15:39.550 align:middle line:90% building about using an iPad. 00:15:39.550 --> 00:15:41.860 align:middle line:90% So that's a huge win. 00:15:41.860 --> 00:15:44.260 align:middle line:84% If you can build an interface that 00:15:44.260 --> 00:15:47.620 align:middle line:84% builds on what blind kids are already doing or learning, 00:15:47.620 --> 00:15:49.750 align:middle line:84% then you're going to be more successful. 00:15:49.750 --> 00:15:50.542 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:15:50.542 --> 00:15:52.660 align:middle line:90% 00:15:52.660 --> 00:15:53.160 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:15:53.160 --> 00:15:56.540 align:middle line:84% And I'll also know that my app is a lot more verbose, 00:15:56.540 --> 00:15:58.300 align:middle line:84% I think, than, who typically you'd 00:15:58.300 --> 00:16:02.050 align:middle line:84% want to design for the Voiceover experience. 00:16:02.050 --> 00:16:05.080 align:middle line:84% And, once again, it was working with these kids 00:16:05.080 --> 00:16:07.370 align:middle line:84% who are really learning Voiceover at the same time. 00:16:07.370 --> 00:16:11.470 align:middle line:84% And so I sort of gave more direction 00:16:11.470 --> 00:16:14.920 align:middle line:84% in the verbal commands when I said. 00:16:14.920 --> 00:16:16.450 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: And just in case it's not-- 00:16:16.450 --> 00:16:17.380 align:middle line:90% no one saw it, too. 00:16:17.380 --> 00:16:19.240 align:middle line:84% Jeff Gray asked the question, is there 00:16:19.240 --> 00:16:23.110 align:middle line:84% a specific target age range that your work has focused on? 00:16:23.110 --> 00:16:25.000 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah, so when I developed, 00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:27.298 align:middle line:90% I was really looking at-- 00:16:27.298 --> 00:16:28.840 align:middle line:84% it was a pretty broad range because I 00:16:28.840 --> 00:16:33.340 align:middle line:84% wanted to do user testing, and it's very hard to get students 00:16:33.340 --> 00:16:34.345 align:middle line:90% that I wanted. 00:16:34.345 --> 00:16:37.000 align:middle line:84% There's very few of them in Adrian. 00:16:37.000 --> 00:16:37.880 align:middle line:90% So I really was. 00:16:37.880 --> 00:16:40.900 align:middle line:84% But I was looking at 5 to 12-year-olds. 00:16:40.900 --> 00:16:43.560 align:middle line:90% 00:16:43.560 --> 00:16:48.220 align:middle line:84% And I think a lot of the block based languages are I 00:16:48.220 --> 00:16:50.860 align:middle line:90% think scratch whatever. 00:16:50.860 --> 00:16:52.630 align:middle line:90% There's maybe a broader range. 00:16:52.630 --> 00:16:55.030 align:middle line:84% And I think a lot of the things that we learned in Blocks 00:16:55.030 --> 00:16:58.810 align:middle line:84% For All can really be extended to sort of older kids. 00:16:58.810 --> 00:17:03.310 align:middle line:84% But I think the app itself and probably the dash robots 00:17:03.310 --> 00:17:08.910 align:middle line:84% are maybe a little bit more suited for the elementary age. 00:17:08.910 --> 00:17:09.859 align:middle line:90% Thanks. 00:17:09.859 --> 00:17:11.783 align:middle line:84% I was not looking at the chat button. 00:17:11.783 --> 00:17:12.450 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Oh, no. 00:17:12.450 --> 00:17:13.770 align:middle line:90% It's all good. 00:17:13.770 --> 00:17:15.230 align:middle line:84% I'm really curious about this work. 00:17:15.230 --> 00:17:16.319 align:middle line:90% And I'm just trying to-- 00:17:16.319 --> 00:17:19.547 align:middle line:84% I saw it pop up and thought I'd just say it. 00:17:19.547 --> 00:17:20.339 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:17:20.339 --> 00:17:21.599 align:middle line:90% So a couple of things. 00:17:21.599 --> 00:17:24.517 align:middle line:84% So I actually had, besides what Richard mentioned, 00:17:24.517 --> 00:17:25.725 align:middle line:90% I work at Macalester College. 00:17:25.725 --> 00:17:27.480 align:middle line:90% So I work with undergrads. 00:17:27.480 --> 00:17:31.610 align:middle line:84% And they added a whole bunch of features over the summer. 00:17:31.610 --> 00:17:34.140 align:middle line:84% And one in particular was modifiers. 00:17:34.140 --> 00:17:39.970 align:middle line:84% So [INAUDIBLE] happened with the blockface languages, 00:17:39.970 --> 00:17:44.640 align:middle line:84% you can sort of modify expressions on your blocks 00:17:44.640 --> 00:17:46.080 align:middle line:90% directly with the blocks. 00:17:46.080 --> 00:17:48.930 align:middle line:84% So how we ended up deciding to deal with modifiers, 00:17:48.930 --> 00:17:51.540 align:middle line:90% you can see this repeat block. 00:17:51.540 --> 00:17:54.630 align:middle line:84% It has a two block right above it. 00:17:54.630 --> 00:17:58.590 align:middle line:84% So we basically just placed any modifiers 00:17:58.590 --> 00:17:59.970 align:middle line:90% directly above the block. 00:17:59.970 --> 00:18:00.770 align:middle line:90% But it modifies. 00:18:00.770 --> 00:18:02.270 align:middle line:84% Oh, and I was going to show you what 00:18:02.270 --> 00:18:05.690 align:middle line:84% gets read aloud when you want to see what's inside this repeat 00:18:05.690 --> 00:18:06.190 align:middle line:90% block. 00:18:06.190 --> 00:18:07.890 align:middle line:84% So, once again, as Richard said, I'm 00:18:07.890 --> 00:18:09.182 align:middle line:90% just going to touch the blocks. 00:18:09.182 --> 00:18:10.848 align:middle line:84% And you can see what block I'm touching. 00:18:10.848 --> 00:18:12.150 align:middle line:90% It'll have that black outline. 00:18:12.150 --> 00:18:14.700 align:middle line:84% That's what Voiceover is currently focused on. 00:18:14.700 --> 00:18:16.110 align:middle line:90% So I'll move across the screen. 00:18:16.110 --> 00:18:18.700 align:middle line:84% And it should read aloud the block I'm touching. 00:18:18.700 --> 00:18:19.575 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make cat noise. 00:18:19.575 --> 00:18:21.340 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 104. 00:18:21.340 --> 00:18:22.350 align:middle line:90% Repeat two times. 00:18:22.350 --> 00:18:24.160 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 204. 00:18:24.160 --> 00:18:25.740 align:middle line:90% Two button. 00:18:25.740 --> 00:18:27.620 align:middle line:84% Double tap to set number of times to repeat. 00:18:27.620 --> 00:18:29.880 align:middle line:90% Inside repeat. 00:18:29.880 --> 00:18:30.800 align:middle line:90% Making dinosaur noise. 00:18:30.800 --> 00:18:32.020 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 304. 00:18:32.020 --> 00:18:33.400 align:middle line:90% Double tap to end repeat. 00:18:33.400 --> 00:18:34.865 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 404. 00:18:34.865 --> 00:18:38.200 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:18:38.200 --> 00:18:42.210 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So once again, sort of explicitly laying out 00:18:42.210 --> 00:18:44.040 align:middle line:84% the structure of the blocks we found 00:18:44.040 --> 00:18:47.880 align:middle line:84% was really important because you don't have the visual cues. 00:18:47.880 --> 00:18:52.620 align:middle line:84% You can't see that the dinosaur block is nested inside 00:18:52.620 --> 00:18:53.880 align:middle line:90% of the repeat block. 00:18:53.880 --> 00:18:56.670 align:middle line:84% We tried to convey that super clearly 00:18:56.670 --> 00:18:58.210 align:middle line:84% through these surrounding blocks. 00:18:58.210 --> 00:19:03.360 align:middle line:84% So as you move off, you would know it's inside of the block. 00:19:03.360 --> 00:19:06.300 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Lauren, can you change that to two to a three, 00:19:06.300 --> 00:19:07.010 align:middle line:90% for example? 00:19:07.010 --> 00:19:07.760 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yes. 00:19:07.760 --> 00:19:09.357 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: And demo that. 00:19:09.357 --> 00:19:11.440 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Double tap to set number of times to repeat. 00:19:11.440 --> 00:19:14.582 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So if I double tap, I go into this. 00:19:14.582 --> 00:19:15.540 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Increment button. 00:19:15.540 --> 00:19:16.040 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:19:16.040 --> 00:19:16.880 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:19:16.880 --> 00:19:17.020 align:middle line:90% Repeat. 00:19:17.020 --> 00:19:18.395 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I'll swipe through. 00:19:18.395 --> 00:19:20.040 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Increment button two. 00:19:20.040 --> 00:19:21.340 align:middle line:90% Increment button. 00:19:21.340 --> 00:19:23.340 align:middle line:90% Repeat increment. 00:19:23.340 --> 00:19:24.610 align:middle line:90% Increment. 00:19:24.610 --> 00:19:26.065 align:middle line:90% Four. 00:19:26.065 --> 00:19:26.750 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:19:26.750 --> 00:19:28.760 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: And then go back. 00:19:28.760 --> 00:19:29.260 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Back. 00:19:29.260 --> 00:19:30.000 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:19:30.000 --> 00:19:31.680 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:19:31.680 --> 00:19:33.430 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And that's sort of standard. 00:19:33.430 --> 00:19:35.860 align:middle line:84% You'll see I'll do some other modifier blocks to show you. 00:19:35.860 --> 00:19:37.027 align:middle line:90% But that's sort of standard. 00:19:37.027 --> 00:19:40.600 align:middle line:84% We had it essentially take you to another screen. 00:19:40.600 --> 00:19:43.300 align:middle line:84% I think I'm going to try and change it 00:19:43.300 --> 00:19:46.270 align:middle line:84% so that you don't necessarily get taken to another screen. 00:19:46.270 --> 00:19:47.905 align:middle line:84% You can do it directly on the screen 00:19:47.905 --> 00:19:51.000 align:middle line:84% so you don't have a context switch. 00:19:51.000 --> 00:19:53.240 align:middle line:84% But that's how it currently works. 00:19:53.240 --> 00:19:56.700 align:middle line:84% So now it will repeat four times when 00:19:56.700 --> 00:19:58.170 align:middle line:90% it makes the dinosaur noise. 00:19:58.170 --> 00:20:01.670 align:middle line:90% 00:20:01.670 --> 00:20:04.190 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:20:04.190 --> 00:20:06.260 align:middle line:84% Let's see, what are some other fun ones? 00:20:06.260 --> 00:20:07.580 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Drive category. 00:20:07.580 --> 00:20:10.170 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:20:10.170 --> 00:20:10.810 align:middle line:90% Selected. 00:20:10.810 --> 00:20:11.650 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:20:11.650 --> 00:20:12.820 align:middle line:90% Drive forward. 00:20:12.820 --> 00:20:13.990 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:20:13.990 --> 00:20:16.630 align:middle line:90% Place drive forward at n. 00:20:16.630 --> 00:20:19.033 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. back button. 00:20:19.033 --> 00:20:20.700 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So there's a bunch of-- it 00:20:20.700 --> 00:20:22.650 align:middle line:84% won't work with this little green robot. 00:20:22.650 --> 00:20:26.300 align:middle line:84% With the other robot, you can drive the robot around. 00:20:26.300 --> 00:20:29.280 align:middle line:84% This one has multiple things that can be modified. 00:20:29.280 --> 00:20:32.015 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to click on the drive forward block. 00:20:32.015 --> 00:20:34.140 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Drive forward 30 centimeters at normal speed. 00:20:34.140 --> 00:20:35.585 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 505. 00:20:35.585 --> 00:20:36.210 align:middle line:90% 30 centimeters. 00:20:36.210 --> 00:20:37.086 align:middle line:90% Normal button. 00:20:37.086 --> 00:20:37.962 align:middle line:90% 30 centimeters. 00:20:37.962 --> 00:20:39.720 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:20:39.720 --> 00:20:43.210 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And we can modify the distance and speed. 00:20:43.210 --> 00:20:43.910 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Distance. 00:20:43.910 --> 00:20:44.700 align:middle line:90% Selected distance. 00:20:44.700 --> 00:20:46.158 align:middle line:84% Current distance is 30 centimeters. 00:20:46.158 --> 00:20:46.895 align:middle line:90% Distance slider. 00:20:46.895 --> 00:20:47.395 align:middle line:90% 30%. 00:20:47.395 --> 00:20:48.510 align:middle line:90% Adjustable. 00:20:48.510 --> 00:20:49.740 align:middle line:90% 40 centimeters. 00:20:49.740 --> 00:20:50.760 align:middle line:90% 50 centimeters. 00:20:50.760 --> 00:20:53.760 align:middle line:90% 60 centimeters. 00:20:53.760 --> 00:20:56.910 align:middle line:84% And these are standard Apple widgets 00:20:56.910 --> 00:21:01.180 align:middle line:84% that you can use to adjust that work pretty well with Voiceover 00:21:01.180 --> 00:21:03.270 align:middle line:84% so you can sort of swipe up and down 00:21:03.270 --> 00:21:06.240 align:middle line:84% to adjust the amount of slider or hit 00:21:06.240 --> 00:21:08.280 align:middle line:84% the incremental or decrement buttons here. 00:21:08.280 --> 00:21:08.970 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Speed. 00:21:08.970 --> 00:21:09.810 align:middle line:90% Slower. 00:21:09.810 --> 00:21:10.310 align:middle line:90% Normal. 00:21:10.310 --> 00:21:10.810 align:middle line:90% Faster. 00:21:10.810 --> 00:21:11.470 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:21:11.470 --> 00:21:13.230 align:middle line:90% Faster. 00:21:13.230 --> 00:21:15.030 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:21:15.030 --> 00:21:15.680 align:middle line:90% Back. 00:21:15.680 --> 00:21:16.300 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:21:16.300 --> 00:21:17.013 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:21:17.013 --> 00:21:18.680 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So now if you look at it-- 00:21:18.680 --> 00:21:20.350 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Drive forward 60 centimeters at fast speed. 00:21:20.350 --> 00:21:21.380 align:middle line:90% Workspace block 505. 00:21:21.380 --> 00:21:22.320 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And now it drives forward. 00:21:22.320 --> 00:21:23.690 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Double tap to move block. 00:21:23.690 --> 00:21:25.190 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Quickly 60 centimeters 00:21:25.190 --> 00:21:31.070 align:middle line:90% at a fast speed, et cetera. 00:21:31.070 --> 00:21:31.910 align:middle line:90% What else? 00:21:31.910 --> 00:21:33.380 align:middle line:90% We don't have any questions. 00:21:33.380 --> 00:21:36.690 align:middle line:90% We have the drive blocks. 00:21:36.690 --> 00:21:38.010 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Lights category. 00:21:38.010 --> 00:21:38.510 align:middle line:90% Selected. 00:21:38.510 --> 00:21:39.290 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:21:39.290 --> 00:21:40.760 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:21:40.760 --> 00:21:43.220 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: The robot has some nice different lights. 00:21:43.220 --> 00:21:45.050 align:middle line:84% You can turn off different lights 00:21:45.050 --> 00:21:48.860 align:middle line:84% and set them to different colors, which 00:21:48.860 --> 00:21:52.740 align:middle line:84% some of us students use if they had some vision. 00:21:52.740 --> 00:21:53.670 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Lights category. 00:21:53.670 --> 00:21:55.240 align:middle line:90% Look category. 00:21:55.240 --> 00:21:55.870 align:middle line:90% Double tap. 00:21:55.870 --> 00:21:56.370 align:middle line:90% Selected. 00:21:56.370 --> 00:21:56.912 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:21:56.912 --> 00:21:57.848 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:21:57.848 --> 00:21:59.640 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: A lot of these we just added. 00:21:59.640 --> 00:22:03.650 align:middle line:84% But you can have the robot turn his head and look at things. 00:22:03.650 --> 00:22:06.535 align:middle line:84% There are some sensors on the robot. 00:22:06.535 --> 00:22:07.630 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Look forward. 00:22:07.630 --> 00:22:08.960 align:middle line:90% Look toward voice. 00:22:08.960 --> 00:22:09.505 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:22:09.505 --> 00:22:11.130 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:22:11.130 --> 00:22:13.172 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: This block is looked towards voice. 00:22:13.172 --> 00:22:15.860 align:middle line:84% So it'll actually, when it gets to that block on the program, 00:22:15.860 --> 00:22:20.260 align:middle line:84% it will listen for your voice, and then look for it. 00:22:20.260 --> 00:22:23.358 align:middle line:84% You have to time it perfectly, though. 00:22:23.358 --> 00:22:24.150 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox menu. 00:22:24.150 --> 00:22:25.512 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:22:25.512 --> 00:22:26.600 align:middle line:90% Look category. 00:22:26.600 --> 00:22:27.267 align:middle line:90% Motion category. 00:22:27.267 --> 00:22:29.183 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:22:29.183 --> 00:22:30.200 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Motion. 00:22:30.200 --> 00:22:31.360 align:middle line:84% We have some more complex options. 00:22:31.360 --> 00:22:32.277 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox options. 00:22:32.277 --> 00:22:34.942 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:22:34.942 --> 00:22:35.570 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] 00:22:35.570 --> 00:22:36.070 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:22:36.070 --> 00:22:38.160 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:22:38.160 --> 00:22:38.960 align:middle line:90% Non. 00:22:38.960 --> 00:22:39.420 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: And non. 00:22:39.420 --> 00:22:40.128 align:middle line:90% IPAD: In toolbox. 00:22:40.128 --> 00:22:43.120 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:22:43.120 --> 00:22:43.840 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:22:43.840 --> 00:22:44.840 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:22:44.840 --> 00:22:46.220 align:middle line:90% Motion category. 00:22:46.220 --> 00:22:48.623 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:22:48.623 --> 00:22:50.790 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: We were sort of expanding-- as I said, 00:22:50.790 --> 00:22:52.890 align:middle line:84% we wanted to make the output really accessible 00:22:52.890 --> 00:22:54.450 align:middle line:84% for students with visual impairments. 00:22:54.450 --> 00:22:57.015 align:middle line:84% So we have lots of sound making blocks. 00:22:57.015 --> 00:22:58.143 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Voice category. 00:22:58.143 --> 00:22:59.110 align:middle line:90% Sound category. 00:22:59.110 --> 00:22:59.850 align:middle line:90% Speed category. 00:22:59.850 --> 00:23:00.330 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: And speed. 00:23:00.330 --> 00:23:01.580 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Variables category. 00:23:01.580 --> 00:23:02.850 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:23:02.850 --> 00:23:03.983 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Very similar. 00:23:03.983 --> 00:23:04.980 align:middle line:90% IPAD: People category. 00:23:04.980 --> 00:23:06.263 align:middle line:90% Functions category. 00:23:06.263 --> 00:23:08.180 align:middle line:84% Double tap to explore blocks in this category. 00:23:08.180 --> 00:23:10.013 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Something I want to talk about 00:23:10.013 --> 00:23:13.290 align:middle line:84% that we just added were the ability to create functions. 00:23:13.290 --> 00:23:17.060 align:middle line:84% So something that is a limitation of Blocks For All 00:23:17.060 --> 00:23:21.090 align:middle line:84% is that, essentially, you only have one island of code 00:23:21.090 --> 00:23:23.340 align:middle line:84% because we located all of the blocks 00:23:23.340 --> 00:23:25.840 align:middle line:90% on the bottom of the screen. 00:23:25.840 --> 00:23:28.260 align:middle line:84% And in a lot of block-based languages, 00:23:28.260 --> 00:23:31.740 align:middle line:84% you can have sort of multiple groupings of blocks. 00:23:31.740 --> 00:23:34.800 align:middle line:84% And in particular, you can create functions, right? 00:23:34.800 --> 00:23:39.750 align:middle line:84% So a separate grouping of blocks does a specific action. 00:23:39.750 --> 00:23:41.550 align:middle line:84% And because we wanted all of our blocks 00:23:41.550 --> 00:23:44.922 align:middle line:84% to be on the bottom of the screen because, as I said, 00:23:44.922 --> 00:23:46.380 align:middle line:84% we wanted to sort of take advantage 00:23:46.380 --> 00:23:50.580 align:middle line:84% of this spatial nature of how the blocks are laid out. 00:23:50.580 --> 00:23:53.100 align:middle line:84% And the only way that people without vision could find it 00:23:53.100 --> 00:23:56.850 align:middle line:84% is if it was located on one edge of the screen. 00:23:56.850 --> 00:24:01.060 align:middle line:84% We basically were limited to one island of code initially. 00:24:01.060 --> 00:24:03.720 align:middle line:84% But we ended up adding functions. 00:24:03.720 --> 00:24:07.680 align:middle line:84% And essentially, you have multiple different workspaces 00:24:07.680 --> 00:24:12.783 align:middle line:84% or functions that you can get to to sort of account for this. 00:24:12.783 --> 00:24:13.450 align:middle line:90% So I'm go ahead. 00:24:13.450 --> 00:24:14.770 align:middle line:90% I pre-made a function. 00:24:14.770 --> 00:24:18.198 align:middle line:84% So I'll go ahead and add that function block to my program. 00:24:18.198 --> 00:24:18.990 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox menu. 00:24:18.990 --> 00:24:19.770 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:24:19.770 --> 00:24:20.640 align:middle line:90% Party. 00:24:20.640 --> 00:24:22.015 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: The party function. 00:24:22.015 --> 00:24:24.156 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:24:24.156 --> 00:24:24.895 align:middle line:90% Party selected. 00:24:24.895 --> 00:24:27.020 align:middle line:84% Select location in-- place party before and repeat. 00:24:27.020 --> 00:24:28.420 align:middle line:90% Workspace block four of five.. 00:24:28.420 --> 00:24:30.045 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And add that to my block. 00:24:30.045 --> 00:24:31.660 align:middle line:84% IPAD: [INAUDIBLE] locking work space. 00:24:31.660 --> 00:24:33.910 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: But how I created that, we 00:24:33.910 --> 00:24:37.480 align:middle line:84% see at the top of the screen there's 00:24:37.480 --> 00:24:39.790 align:middle line:84% a Main Menu button which takes you 00:24:39.790 --> 00:24:42.760 align:middle line:84% back, lets you do some settings, and add the robot. 00:24:42.760 --> 00:24:45.425 align:middle line:84% And then there's a Functions menu. 00:24:45.425 --> 00:24:46.300 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Functions menu. 00:24:46.300 --> 00:24:46.912 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:24:46.912 --> 00:24:49.120 align:middle line:84% Click to create [INAUDIBLE] Return to main workspace. 00:24:49.120 --> 00:24:50.540 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:24:50.540 --> 00:24:52.540 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And essentially, the Function menu 00:24:52.540 --> 00:24:55.600 align:middle line:84% allows you to create new functions, 00:24:55.600 --> 00:24:58.340 align:middle line:84% or add a new function, or whatever. 00:24:58.340 --> 00:25:04.130 align:middle line:84% So I already have one function on here, called Party. 00:25:04.130 --> 00:25:04.630 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Party. 00:25:04.630 --> 00:25:06.820 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:25:06.820 --> 00:25:07.510 align:middle line:90% Party. 00:25:07.510 --> 00:25:08.323 align:middle line:90% Toolbox. 00:25:08.323 --> 00:25:09.110 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:25:09.110 --> 00:25:11.740 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: But if I click on Party, 00:25:11.740 --> 00:25:13.480 align:middle line:84% you can see I went to a new screen that's 00:25:13.480 --> 00:25:16.780 align:middle line:84% populated with totally different set of blocks 00:25:16.780 --> 00:25:19.020 align:middle line:90% that I had originally created. 00:25:19.020 --> 00:25:21.505 align:middle line:90% And so this screen. 00:25:21.505 --> 00:25:22.380 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Function start. 00:25:22.380 --> 00:25:23.628 align:middle line:90% Workspace block one of seven. 00:25:23.628 --> 00:25:24.670 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:25:24.670 --> 00:25:27.003 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Starts with a function, and all the blocks 00:25:27.003 --> 00:25:29.570 align:middle line:84% are nested inside of the function. 00:25:29.570 --> 00:25:30.070 align:middle line:90% This is-- 00:25:30.070 --> 00:25:31.120 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Set left ear light purple. 00:25:31.120 --> 00:25:32.107 align:middle line:90% Workspace module seven. 00:25:32.107 --> 00:25:33.390 align:middle line:90% Purple button. 00:25:33.390 --> 00:25:35.080 align:middle line:90% Double tap to set light color. 00:25:35.080 --> 00:25:36.910 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Changes left ear light. 00:25:36.910 --> 00:25:38.520 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Orange button selected. 00:25:38.520 --> 00:25:40.830 align:middle line:90% Orange tap button tap tool box. 00:25:40.830 --> 00:25:42.890 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Et cetera. 00:25:42.890 --> 00:25:48.560 align:middle line:84% So these are all encapsulated in my Party function. 00:25:48.560 --> 00:25:49.665 align:middle line:90% So if I just go back. 00:25:49.665 --> 00:25:50.540 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Functions menu. 00:25:50.540 --> 00:25:51.060 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:25:51.060 --> 00:25:52.392 align:middle line:90% Return to main workspace. 00:25:52.392 --> 00:25:53.350 align:middle line:90% Return to main toolbox. 00:25:53.350 --> 00:25:54.683 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: To main workspace. 00:25:54.683 --> 00:25:56.770 align:middle line:90% 00:25:56.770 --> 00:25:59.110 align:middle line:90% And I press play. 00:25:59.110 --> 00:26:00.110 align:middle line:90% Let me actually go here. 00:26:00.110 --> 00:26:00.860 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make dinosaur noise. 00:26:00.860 --> 00:26:01.880 align:middle line:90% Workspace block three of six. 00:26:01.880 --> 00:26:02.680 align:middle line:90% Make dinosaur noise. 00:26:02.680 --> 00:26:04.540 align:middle line:84% Workspace block Place make dinosaur noise before party. 00:26:04.540 --> 00:26:06.040 align:middle line:90% Workspace block three of five. 00:26:06.040 --> 00:26:07.090 align:middle line:90% Place in trash. 00:26:07.090 --> 00:26:07.635 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:26:07.635 --> 00:26:08.135 align:middle line:90% Play. 00:26:08.135 --> 00:26:10.120 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Right back to the end. 00:26:10.120 --> 00:26:13.980 align:middle line:84% I should make a cat noise, and then I should start partying. 00:26:13.980 --> 00:26:15.160 align:middle line:90% So let me press play 00:26:15.160 --> 00:26:16.030 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Four times. 00:26:16.030 --> 00:26:18.515 align:middle line:90% [CAT MEOW] 00:26:18.515 --> 00:26:21.000 align:middle line:90% 00:26:21.000 --> 00:26:25.550 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So oh-- you can't see the party because he's 00:26:25.550 --> 00:26:27.300 align:middle line:90% changing light colors. 00:26:27.300 --> 00:26:27.800 align:middle line:90% Sorry. 00:26:27.800 --> 00:26:31.920 align:middle line:90% Let me stop sharing this. 00:26:31.920 --> 00:26:34.280 align:middle line:90% Can you see it now? 00:26:34.280 --> 00:26:37.262 align:middle line:90% [TOY CHATTERING] 00:26:37.262 --> 00:26:38.510 align:middle line:90% It's making-- oh, yeah. 00:26:38.510 --> 00:26:42.080 align:middle line:84% There was a light change, and it was making those weird robot 00:26:42.080 --> 00:26:42.740 align:middle line:90% sounds. 00:26:42.740 --> 00:26:44.324 align:middle line:90% It's like the party sound. 00:26:44.324 --> 00:26:46.930 align:middle line:90% 00:26:46.930 --> 00:26:52.705 align:middle line:84% And it will continue to do so unless I press stop 00:26:52.705 --> 00:26:55.663 align:middle line:90% [TOY CHATTERING] 00:26:55.663 --> 00:27:01.090 align:middle line:90% 00:27:01.090 --> 00:27:01.595 align:middle line:90% Wow. 00:27:01.595 --> 00:27:02.720 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: I have a question. 00:27:02.720 --> 00:27:03.600 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yes? 00:27:03.600 --> 00:27:07.700 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Suppose your program runs beyond the screen-- 00:27:07.700 --> 00:27:08.890 align:middle line:90% you know, on bottom. 00:27:08.890 --> 00:27:10.100 align:middle line:90% What happens? 00:27:10.100 --> 00:27:11.390 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Oh, yeah. 00:27:11.390 --> 00:27:13.358 align:middle line:90% So I'll add some blocks to the-- 00:27:13.358 --> 00:27:14.025 align:middle line:90% [TOY CHATTERING] 00:27:14.025 --> 00:27:15.380 align:middle line:90% It's still partying. 00:27:15.380 --> 00:27:16.730 align:middle line:90% Let me stop this. 00:27:16.730 --> 00:27:18.040 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Play. 00:27:18.040 --> 00:27:20.220 align:middle line:90% Animals category selected. 00:27:20.220 --> 00:27:22.405 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise. 00:27:22.405 --> 00:27:23.405 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise selected. 00:27:23.405 --> 00:27:25.143 align:middle line:90% Place Make cat noise at end. 00:27:25.143 --> 00:27:25.685 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:27:25.685 --> 00:27:26.185 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:27:26.185 --> 00:27:27.455 align:middle line:90% Make crocodile noise. 00:27:27.455 --> 00:27:29.330 align:middle line:84% Place make crocodile noise before end repeat. 00:27:29.330 --> 00:27:29.872 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:27:29.872 --> 00:27:30.960 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:27:30.960 --> 00:27:37.610 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So now my program runs beyond the screen. 00:27:37.610 --> 00:27:40.315 align:middle line:84% Essentially, this is a scrollable view, on the bottom. 00:27:40.315 --> 00:27:41.690 align:middle line:84% So there are a couple of ways you 00:27:41.690 --> 00:27:44.630 align:middle line:90% can navigate it with Voiceover. 00:27:44.630 --> 00:27:47.060 align:middle line:84% The easiest is essentially with Voiceover, 00:27:47.060 --> 00:27:48.770 align:middle line:84% you can either sort of touch things 00:27:48.770 --> 00:27:50.437 align:middle line:84% and they'll be read aloud on the screen, 00:27:50.437 --> 00:27:55.020 align:middle line:84% or you can swipe through all of the elements on the screen. 00:27:55.020 --> 00:27:56.420 align:middle line:90% And so, like, if, for example-- 00:27:56.420 --> 00:27:56.800 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make cat noise. 00:27:56.800 --> 00:27:57.905 align:middle line:90% Workspace block seven of seven. 00:27:57.905 --> 00:27:58.790 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I select this one-- 00:27:58.790 --> 00:28:00.120 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Double tap to move block. 00:28:00.120 --> 00:28:01.360 align:middle line:90% Play button. 00:28:01.360 --> 00:28:02.150 align:middle line:90% Make cat noise. 00:28:02.150 --> 00:28:04.108 align:middle line:84% Workspace block seven of-- page three of three. 00:28:04.108 --> 00:28:06.390 align:middle line:90% Page one of three. 00:28:06.390 --> 00:28:07.817 align:middle line:90% Make crocodile noise. 00:28:07.817 --> 00:28:09.900 align:middle line:84% Make crocodile-- place make crocodile noise before 00:28:09.900 --> 00:28:10.570 align:middle line:90% make cat noise. 00:28:10.570 --> 00:28:11.670 align:middle line:90% Workspace toolbox menu. 00:28:11.670 --> 00:28:12.170 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:28:12.170 --> 00:28:13.070 align:middle line:90% Make crocodile noise. 00:28:13.070 --> 00:28:13.990 align:middle line:90% Work-- make cat noise. 00:28:13.990 --> 00:28:15.400 align:middle line:90% Workspace block eight of eight. 00:28:15.400 --> 00:28:16.240 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:28:16.240 --> 00:28:17.323 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: [INAUDIBLE]. 00:28:17.323 --> 00:28:22.010 align:middle line:84% So essentially, if I swipe between elements, 00:28:22.010 --> 00:28:26.570 align:middle line:84% it will automatically go to the next element, or you can-- 00:28:26.570 --> 00:28:28.070 align:middle line:84% I think it's a three finger swipe 00:28:28.070 --> 00:28:30.860 align:middle line:84% you can do on the workspace, that will sort of shift it 00:28:30.860 --> 00:28:32.644 align:middle line:90% over a page. 00:28:32.644 --> 00:28:34.640 align:middle line:84% But yeah-- so you can access blocks 00:28:34.640 --> 00:28:37.380 align:middle line:90% off the edge of the screen. 00:28:37.380 --> 00:28:38.030 align:middle line:90% What else? 00:28:38.030 --> 00:28:40.418 align:middle line:90% We added some variables-- 00:28:40.418 --> 00:28:41.210 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox menu. 00:28:41.210 --> 00:28:42.442 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:28:42.442 --> 00:28:43.650 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: --recently So-- 00:28:43.650 --> 00:28:44.240 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox. 00:28:44.240 --> 00:28:44.740 align:middle line:90% Heading. 00:28:44.740 --> 00:28:45.540 align:middle line:90% Motion category. 00:28:45.540 --> 00:28:46.300 align:middle line:90% Noise category. 00:28:46.300 --> 00:28:48.020 align:middle line:90% Sound-- Speed category. 00:28:48.020 --> 00:28:49.530 align:middle line:90% Variables category. 00:28:49.530 --> 00:28:50.030 align:middle line:90% Selected. 00:28:50.030 --> 00:28:50.572 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:28:50.572 --> 00:28:51.630 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:28:51.630 --> 00:28:52.630 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: And here-- 00:28:52.630 --> 00:28:55.310 align:middle line:84% so Wonder Workshop, the people who make the robots, 00:28:55.310 --> 00:28:56.240 align:middle line:90% have their own app. 00:28:56.240 --> 00:28:58.850 align:middle line:84% And we wanted to basically add in all the functionality 00:28:58.850 --> 00:29:01.490 align:middle line:84% in our app that they had on theirs. 00:29:01.490 --> 00:29:04.850 align:middle line:84% They do, like, a robotics competition every year. 00:29:04.850 --> 00:29:06.560 align:middle line:84% And we talked to a team that wanted 00:29:06.560 --> 00:29:09.210 align:middle line:84% to compete with some visually impaired students. 00:29:09.210 --> 00:29:11.270 align:middle line:84% And so we wanted to add in essentially 00:29:11.270 --> 00:29:12.900 align:middle line:84% the same functionality they have. 00:29:12.900 --> 00:29:15.830 align:middle line:84% And one of the important things for this robotics competition 00:29:15.830 --> 00:29:18.500 align:middle line:90% was be able to set variables. 00:29:18.500 --> 00:29:20.880 align:middle line:90% So we now have, essentially-- 00:29:20.880 --> 00:29:21.910 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Set variable. 00:29:21.910 --> 00:29:23.313 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:29:23.313 --> 00:29:24.230 align:middle line:90% Set variable selected. 00:29:24.230 --> 00:29:24.830 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Set variable block. 00:29:24.830 --> 00:29:25.970 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Select location in-- place set variable before 00:29:25.970 --> 00:29:27.220 align:middle line:90% make crocodile noise. 00:29:27.220 --> 00:29:28.257 align:middle line:90% Set variable. 00:29:28.257 --> 00:29:29.590 align:middle line:90% Set variable orange set to zero. 00:29:29.590 --> 00:29:30.710 align:middle line:90% Workspace block seven of nine. 00:29:30.710 --> 00:29:31.530 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And the variables were-- 00:29:31.530 --> 00:29:32.340 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Double tap to move block 00:29:32.340 --> 00:29:33.770 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: --fruit themed. 00:29:33.770 --> 00:29:34.670 align:middle line:90% But essentially-- 00:29:34.670 --> 00:29:35.510 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Orange equals zero. 00:29:35.510 --> 00:29:35.930 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:29:35.930 --> 00:29:37.010 align:middle line:84% Double tap to set variable value. 00:29:37.010 --> 00:29:38.095 align:middle line:90% Orange equals-- back. 00:29:38.095 --> 00:29:38.730 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:29:38.730 --> 00:29:41.360 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I can pick one of these five variables, all fruit 00:29:41.360 --> 00:29:43.100 align:middle line:90% themed. 00:29:43.100 --> 00:29:44.010 align:middle line:90% So cherry-- 00:29:44.010 --> 00:29:46.140 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Cherry button selected. 00:29:46.140 --> 00:29:46.690 align:middle line:90% Cherry. 00:29:46.690 --> 00:29:47.690 align:middle line:90% Set your variable value. 00:29:47.690 --> 00:29:48.920 align:middle line:90% Text field. 00:29:48.920 --> 00:29:49.970 align:middle line:90% Double tap to edit. 00:29:49.970 --> 00:29:50.970 align:middle line:90% Set your variable value. 00:29:50.970 --> 00:29:51.600 align:middle line:90% Text field. 00:29:51.600 --> 00:29:52.762 align:middle line:90% Five. 00:29:52.762 --> 00:29:54.513 align:middle line:90% Six. 00:29:54.513 --> 00:29:55.930 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And then I can set-- 00:29:55.930 --> 00:29:56.400 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Set your variable value. 00:29:56.400 --> 00:29:56.950 align:middle line:90% 56. 00:29:56.950 --> 00:29:58.030 align:middle line:90% Text field. 00:29:58.030 --> 00:30:00.020 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: --set this variable to 56. 00:30:00.020 --> 00:30:00.770 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Back button. 00:30:00.770 --> 00:30:02.980 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And it's the same, just modified [INAUDIBLE] 00:30:02.980 --> 00:30:03.480 align:middle line:90% block. 00:30:03.480 --> 00:30:04.840 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox heading. 00:30:04.840 --> 00:30:06.270 align:middle line:90% Set variable Cherry set to 56.0. 00:30:06.270 --> 00:30:07.300 align:middle line:90% Workspace block seven of nine. 00:30:07.300 --> 00:30:08.350 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So now Cherry is set to 56. 00:30:08.350 --> 00:30:09.475 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Double to move block. 00:30:09.475 --> 00:30:13.280 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And I'm just going to clear out my workspace. 00:30:13.280 --> 00:30:14.280 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Repeat four times. 00:30:14.280 --> 00:30:15.262 align:middle line:90% Workspace block two of nine. 00:30:15.262 --> 00:30:15.870 align:middle line:90% Repeat four times. 00:30:15.870 --> 00:30:16.495 align:middle line:90% Place in trash. 00:30:16.495 --> 00:30:17.672 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:30:17.672 --> 00:30:19.040 align:middle line:90% Play. 00:30:19.040 --> 00:30:19.920 align:middle line:90% Motion category. 00:30:19.920 --> 00:30:20.835 align:middle line:90% Noise category. 00:30:20.835 --> 00:30:22.468 align:middle line:90% Variables category selected. 00:30:22.468 --> 00:30:23.010 align:middle line:90% Toolbox menu. 00:30:23.010 --> 00:30:23.920 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:30:23.920 --> 00:30:24.638 align:middle line:90% Look up or down. 00:30:24.638 --> 00:30:25.680 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: And I can-- 00:30:25.680 --> 00:30:25.950 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox. 00:30:25.950 --> 00:30:27.722 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:30:27.722 --> 00:30:29.430 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Now I can use that variable 00:30:29.430 --> 00:30:32.080 align:middle line:84% to do a couple of different actions. 00:30:32.080 --> 00:30:35.670 align:middle line:84% So I can move forward by Cherry amount, 00:30:35.670 --> 00:30:38.850 align:middle line:84% or turn right or left by Cherry amount, or, you know, 00:30:38.850 --> 00:30:44.130 align:middle line:84% move dashes ahead by Cherry amount, up or down 00:30:44.130 --> 00:30:45.100 align:middle line:90% or left or right. 00:30:45.100 --> 00:30:47.278 align:middle line:90% So-- 00:30:47.278 --> 00:30:48.570 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Look up or down selected. 00:30:48.570 --> 00:30:49.920 align:middle line:84% Select location in workspace to place it. 00:30:49.920 --> 00:30:51.370 align:middle line:84% Place look up or down before make cat noise. 00:30:51.370 --> 00:30:52.578 align:middle line:90% Workspace block five of five. 00:30:52.578 --> 00:30:53.410 align:middle line:90% Look up or down. 00:30:53.410 --> 00:30:54.618 align:middle line:90% Set look up or down variable. 00:30:54.618 --> 00:30:55.520 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:30:55.520 --> 00:30:56.610 align:middle line:90% Look up or down-- back. 00:30:56.610 --> 00:30:57.960 align:middle line:90% Cherry button selected. 00:30:57.960 --> 00:31:00.040 align:middle line:90% Cherry back button. 00:31:00.040 --> 00:31:01.316 align:middle line:90% Back toolbox heading. 00:31:01.316 --> 00:31:02.850 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So what I just did, 00:31:02.850 --> 00:31:05.430 align:middle line:84% I set the variable Cherry equal to 56. 00:31:05.430 --> 00:31:08.880 align:middle line:84% And then later in my program, when I get to the look 00:31:08.880 --> 00:31:10.650 align:middle line:84% up or down block, it'll check what 00:31:10.650 --> 00:31:14.520 align:middle line:84% that variable has set that to, and look up or down 00:31:14.520 --> 00:31:16.060 align:middle line:90% in that amount. 00:31:16.060 --> 00:31:18.566 align:middle line:90% So that's what it is. 00:31:18.566 --> 00:31:20.260 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Uh, Lauren-- question. 00:31:20.260 --> 00:31:23.834 align:middle line:84% Do these variables have scope, or are they global? 00:31:23.834 --> 00:31:25.042 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: They're global. 00:31:25.042 --> 00:31:28.820 align:middle line:90% [LAUGHS] Which, I think is-- 00:31:28.820 --> 00:31:29.320 align:middle line:90% yeah. 00:31:29.320 --> 00:31:30.252 align:middle line:90% They're global. 00:31:30.252 --> 00:31:36.570 align:middle line:84% [LAUGHS] And I actually think it's-- 00:31:36.570 --> 00:31:39.140 align:middle line:90% 00:31:39.140 --> 00:31:41.400 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] 00:31:41.400 --> 00:31:43.760 align:middle line:84% So the other thing I wanted to point out, something 00:31:43.760 --> 00:31:45.340 align:middle line:90% we've worked with is-- 00:31:45.340 --> 00:31:46.970 align:middle line:84% and we haven't actually tested this 00:31:46.970 --> 00:31:50.120 align:middle line:84% with people who use this control-- but in addition 00:31:50.120 --> 00:31:52.190 align:middle line:84% to being accessible with Voiceover, 00:31:52.190 --> 00:31:56.330 align:middle line:84% it works well switch control, and it's mainly 00:31:56.330 --> 00:31:58.670 align:middle line:84% because if something is accessible with Voiceover, 00:31:58.670 --> 00:32:00.795 align:middle line:84% it's usually pretty accessible with switch control. 00:32:00.795 --> 00:32:07.100 align:middle line:84% They use it at the same grips into the program. 00:32:07.100 --> 00:32:09.920 align:middle line:84% So switch control, essentially, you 00:32:09.920 --> 00:32:15.770 align:middle line:84% can hook up your iPad to some external switch. 00:32:15.770 --> 00:32:18.380 align:middle line:84% So maybe you can only use a button, or something, 00:32:18.380 --> 00:32:22.250 align:middle line:84% or there are all sorts of different switch controls. 00:32:22.250 --> 00:32:26.170 align:middle line:84% And you can configure your iPad to work with whatever switch 00:32:26.170 --> 00:32:28.030 align:middle line:84% control you use, or configure it to work 00:32:28.030 --> 00:32:29.810 align:middle line:90% however you want it to use-- 00:32:29.810 --> 00:32:30.580 align:middle line:90% to use. 00:32:30.580 --> 00:32:33.700 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to just demo it with switch control, 00:32:33.700 --> 00:32:40.060 align:middle line:84% essentially, where it will sort of iterate over 00:32:40.060 --> 00:32:44.170 align:middle line:84% selectable items on the screen, and I just tap the screen once 00:32:44.170 --> 00:32:49.640 align:middle line:84% to get it to stop there and select something, 00:32:49.640 --> 00:32:51.440 align:middle line:90% if that makes sense. 00:32:51.440 --> 00:32:53.860 align:middle line:84% So traditionally, you'd probably have some external device 00:32:53.860 --> 00:32:55.690 align:middle line:90% instead of tapping the screen. 00:32:55.690 --> 00:32:58.580 align:middle line:84% But this should just demo how it works. 00:32:58.580 --> 00:33:00.862 align:middle line:84% So I'll switch to switch control. 00:33:00.862 --> 00:33:01.658 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Alert. 00:33:01.658 --> 00:33:02.950 align:middle line:90% Accessibility-- Switch control. 00:33:02.950 --> 00:33:04.090 align:middle line:90% Button. 00:33:04.090 --> 00:33:06.627 align:middle line:90% Voice over auth. 00:33:06.627 --> 00:33:08.210 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So if you see now, there 00:33:08.210 --> 00:33:13.390 align:middle line:84% is this blue outline that's iterating over the screen. 00:33:13.390 --> 00:33:14.160 align:middle line:90% And if I select-- 00:33:14.160 --> 00:33:18.290 align:middle line:90% so I just selected the menu. 00:33:18.290 --> 00:33:22.430 align:middle line:84% And now it's iterating over items on the menu. 00:33:22.430 --> 00:33:27.440 align:middle line:90% 00:33:27.440 --> 00:33:29.100 align:middle line:90% This is going-- OK. 00:33:29.100 --> 00:33:30.452 align:middle line:90% Not enough of a-- 00:33:30.452 --> 00:33:33.344 align:middle line:90% 00:33:33.344 --> 00:33:35.754 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] switch control. 00:33:35.754 --> 00:33:39.128 align:middle line:90% 00:33:39.128 --> 00:33:41.560 align:middle line:90% [COMPUTER BEEPS] 00:33:41.560 --> 00:33:54.490 align:middle line:84% So I can essentially place items in the workspace 00:33:54.490 --> 00:33:55.820 align:middle line:90% using the switch control. 00:33:55.820 --> 00:33:57.730 align:middle line:90% So once again, this is sort of-- 00:33:57.730 --> 00:34:00.570 align:middle line:84% if you only are able to do some kind of, like, binary input, 00:34:00.570 --> 00:34:06.450 align:middle line:84% or timed input, it should work for you. 00:34:06.450 --> 00:34:08.290 align:middle line:84% Although, as I said, we haven't tested that. 00:34:08.290 --> 00:34:11.690 align:middle line:84% We'd like to work with people who use switch control to make 00:34:11.690 --> 00:34:13.469 align:middle line:90% sure it does actually-- 00:34:13.469 --> 00:34:15.969 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Can I add a little bit about the switch control? 00:34:15.969 --> 00:34:19.880 align:middle line:84% So this is built into the Apple products. 00:34:19.880 --> 00:34:24.590 align:middle line:84% And if you have an application that has a bunch of items-- 00:34:24.590 --> 00:34:26.560 align:middle line:84% for example, on the screen, like this-- 00:34:26.560 --> 00:34:30.969 align:middle line:84% then once you activate the switch, 00:34:30.969 --> 00:34:33.670 align:middle line:84% then it will just scan through the items 00:34:33.670 --> 00:34:35.320 align:middle line:90% in a hierarchical fashion. 00:34:35.320 --> 00:34:39.760 align:middle line:84% For example, at one point, it selected the whole program, 00:34:39.760 --> 00:34:42.520 align:middle line:84% and then if you select at that point, 00:34:42.520 --> 00:34:45.639 align:middle line:84% or switched at that point, you get to go into the program. 00:34:45.639 --> 00:34:47.960 align:middle line:84% So there is a natural tree structure. 00:34:47.960 --> 00:34:50.860 align:middle line:84% And the organization-- for programming 00:34:50.860 --> 00:34:54.250 align:middle line:84% using a switch, the obvious research question is, you know, 00:34:54.250 --> 00:34:57.490 align:middle line:84% what should be that organizational structure 00:34:57.490 --> 00:35:00.250 align:middle line:84% to make programming as easy as possible for somebody that's 00:35:00.250 --> 00:35:00.940 align:middle line:90% using a switch? 00:35:00.940 --> 00:35:02.500 align:middle line:90% Especially young people. 00:35:02.500 --> 00:35:05.928 align:middle line:84% So is that, Lauren, pretty much what-- 00:35:05.928 --> 00:35:06.720 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:35:06.720 --> 00:35:07.602 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:35:07.602 --> 00:35:08.310 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] Yeah. 00:35:08.310 --> 00:35:09.852 align:middle line:84% Sort of scanning through the program. 00:35:09.852 --> 00:35:12.640 align:middle line:84% There is an alternative switch, where you can sort of scan 00:35:12.640 --> 00:35:14.570 align:middle line:84% from left to right and top to bottom, 00:35:14.570 --> 00:35:18.730 align:middle line:84% so you can sort of select your x- and y-coordinate 00:35:18.730 --> 00:35:19.570 align:middle line:90% with the switch. 00:35:19.570 --> 00:35:20.070 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:35:20.070 --> 00:35:23.352 align:middle line:84% There's all sorts of different ways of doing it. 00:35:23.352 --> 00:35:25.060 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: But I think the hierarchical way 00:35:25.060 --> 00:35:27.268 align:middle line:90% makes a lot of sense for this. 00:35:27.268 --> 00:35:28.060 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:35:28.060 --> 00:35:30.270 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: You know, I go to the tool box, 00:35:30.270 --> 00:35:32.770 align:middle line:84% and then you want to go to the program, and then back again. 00:35:32.770 --> 00:35:33.130 align:middle line:90% You know? 00:35:33.130 --> 00:35:33.922 align:middle line:90% That kind of thing. 00:35:33.922 --> 00:35:37.810 align:middle line:84% You don't want to go through every item in the tool box. 00:35:37.810 --> 00:35:38.990 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:35:38.990 --> 00:35:41.240 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: You know, that kind of thing. 00:35:41.240 --> 00:35:44.120 align:middle line:84% So you know, that has to be tested with children 00:35:44.120 --> 00:35:48.530 align:middle line:84% to see how well they can do programming using a switch. 00:35:48.530 --> 00:35:53.140 align:middle line:84% In Minnesota, there is an organization called-- what's 00:35:53.140 --> 00:35:54.398 align:middle line:90% the name of the organization? 00:35:54.398 --> 00:35:55.690 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: The Pacer Center. 00:35:55.690 --> 00:35:59.290 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: The Pacer Center-- which I visited at the last 6C. 00:35:59.290 --> 00:36:03.220 align:middle line:84% And they have a lot of children who use switches there. 00:36:03.220 --> 00:36:07.250 align:middle line:84% So hopefully that will work out to be a nice research project. 00:36:07.250 --> 00:36:08.910 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:36:08.910 --> 00:36:09.520 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:36:09.520 --> 00:36:11.110 align:middle line:90% So yeah. 00:36:11.110 --> 00:36:12.230 align:middle line:90% I also want to mention-- 00:36:12.230 --> 00:36:14.860 align:middle line:84% so you can sort of tell, this is very 00:36:14.860 --> 00:36:16.410 align:middle line:90% much like a work in progress. 00:36:16.410 --> 00:36:18.640 align:middle line:84% Like I said, I have students working on it. 00:36:18.640 --> 00:36:21.960 align:middle line:84% So things like the functions and the variables, 00:36:21.960 --> 00:36:23.800 align:middle line:84% we sort of added the functionality. 00:36:23.800 --> 00:36:27.250 align:middle line:84% But I think there's still some improvements 00:36:27.250 --> 00:36:29.950 align:middle line:90% we can make on those. 00:36:29.950 --> 00:36:33.505 align:middle line:90% So we're working on that. 00:36:33.505 --> 00:36:35.380 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Are you ready for questions, Lauren? 00:36:35.380 --> 00:36:35.530 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:36:35.530 --> 00:36:36.380 align:middle line:90% I'm ready for questions. 00:36:36.380 --> 00:36:37.755 align:middle line:84% I just want to mention, if you're 00:36:37.755 --> 00:36:42.138 align:middle line:84% interested in beta testing, or just trying out the app, 00:36:42.138 --> 00:36:43.180 align:middle line:90% you can send me an email. 00:36:43.180 --> 00:36:46.060 align:middle line:84% It's on test flight, which is, like, the beta testing 00:36:46.060 --> 00:36:48.290 align:middle line:90% service from Apple. 00:36:48.290 --> 00:36:48.790 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:36:48.790 --> 00:36:53.230 align:middle line:84% And let me know if you have questions or suggestions. 00:36:53.230 --> 00:36:54.463 align:middle line:90% I'd love to hear them. 00:36:54.463 --> 00:36:56.380 align:middle line:84% BRIANNA: I'll drop Lauren's email in the chat, 00:36:56.380 --> 00:36:58.430 align:middle line:90% if anybody wants it. 00:36:58.430 --> 00:36:59.680 align:middle line:90% If that's OK with you, Lauren. 00:36:59.680 --> 00:37:00.472 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:37:00.472 --> 00:37:14.910 align:middle line:90% 00:37:14.910 --> 00:37:16.160 align:middle line:90% SPEAKER 1: I have a question. 00:37:16.160 --> 00:37:19.500 align:middle line:84% So you showed using the Cherry variable block 00:37:19.500 --> 00:37:22.530 align:middle line:84% as the input to the move head up or down. 00:37:22.530 --> 00:37:26.490 align:middle line:84% Can you also put, like, a number literal-- like the slider thing 00:37:26.490 --> 00:37:30.120 align:middle line:84% that you showed with the repeat block in there? 00:37:30.120 --> 00:37:32.767 align:middle line:90% Or is it just a variable input? 00:37:32.767 --> 00:37:33.600 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Sorry. 00:37:33.600 --> 00:37:37.310 align:middle line:84% For specifically, like, the move head up or down one? 00:37:37.310 --> 00:37:39.120 align:middle line:84% SPEAKER 1: Or, like, any of the blocks 00:37:39.120 --> 00:37:41.280 align:middle line:84% that accept the variable parameters. 00:37:41.280 --> 00:37:44.082 align:middle line:84% Could you also put just, like, a number directly, 00:37:44.082 --> 00:37:45.790 align:middle line:84% or does it have to be through a variable? 00:37:45.790 --> 00:37:46.498 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: No. 00:37:46.498 --> 00:37:48.270 align:middle line:90% It has to be through a variable. 00:37:48.270 --> 00:37:52.150 align:middle line:84% But we do have, basically, the same block. 00:37:52.150 --> 00:37:55.440 align:middle line:84% So there's like an up look up or down block 00:37:55.440 --> 00:37:58.370 align:middle line:84% that's in a separate place on the menu, that takes 00:37:58.370 --> 00:37:59.940 align:middle line:90% a number from a slider menu. 00:37:59.940 --> 00:38:01.560 align:middle line:90% So they can find that. 00:38:01.560 --> 00:38:04.150 align:middle line:90% 00:38:04.150 --> 00:38:04.970 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] 00:38:04.970 --> 00:38:11.420 align:middle line:90% 00:38:11.420 --> 00:38:14.630 align:middle line:84% Like, I think this is just the standard-- 00:38:14.630 --> 00:38:16.880 align:middle line:84% well I'm not sure [INAUDIBLE] say this. 00:38:16.880 --> 00:38:20.080 align:middle line:84% But there is one look up or down block that you can just 00:38:20.080 --> 00:38:21.140 align:middle line:90% put a number slider. 00:38:21.140 --> 00:38:23.470 align:middle line:90% But it's a separate block. 00:38:23.470 --> 00:38:25.480 align:middle line:84% Which is the same way that I think the dash-- 00:38:25.480 --> 00:38:27.160 align:middle line:90% the Wonder Workshop app-- works. 00:38:27.160 --> 00:38:30.980 align:middle line:84% They have these separate variable apps. 00:38:30.980 --> 00:38:36.040 align:middle line:90% So good question. 00:38:36.040 --> 00:38:38.765 align:middle line:90% 00:38:38.765 --> 00:38:40.390 align:middle line:84% SPEAKER 2: Lauren, would it be possible 00:38:40.390 --> 00:38:44.590 align:middle line:84% for you to show how you're interacting with your iPad 00:38:44.590 --> 00:38:46.750 align:middle line:90% with your hand or finger? 00:38:46.750 --> 00:38:47.887 align:middle line:90% If possible. 00:38:47.887 --> 00:38:48.720 align:middle line:90% [INTERPOSING VOICES] 00:38:48.720 --> 00:38:52.340 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So maybe I'll stop sharing my screen 00:38:52.340 --> 00:38:55.448 align:middle line:90% and maybe I'll just-- 00:38:55.448 --> 00:38:56.115 align:middle line:90% SPEAKER 2: Yeah. 00:38:56.115 --> 00:38:58.184 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: ---put my iPad like this. 00:38:58.184 --> 00:39:00.790 align:middle line:90% [LAUGHS] All right. 00:39:00.790 --> 00:39:01.340 align:middle line:90% There's that. 00:39:01.340 --> 00:39:03.011 align:middle line:84% Let me turn on Voiceover really quick. 00:39:03.011 --> 00:39:07.485 align:middle line:90% 00:39:07.485 --> 00:39:08.860 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: In the speaker view, you 00:39:08.860 --> 00:39:11.610 align:middle line:90% can change it to showing her-- 00:39:11.610 --> 00:39:13.070 align:middle line:90% right. 00:39:13.070 --> 00:39:14.662 align:middle line:90% So it can be bigger. 00:39:14.662 --> 00:39:15.620 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Oh, yeah. 00:39:15.620 --> 00:39:16.510 align:middle line:90% So you see. 00:39:16.510 --> 00:39:17.950 align:middle line:90% OK. 00:39:17.950 --> 00:39:19.420 align:middle line:84% And it will be less loud, because I 00:39:19.420 --> 00:39:21.470 align:middle line:84% think the audio doesn't get shared this way. 00:39:21.470 --> 00:39:25.720 align:middle line:84% But yeah-- I can kind of see what I'm doing. 00:39:25.720 --> 00:39:27.237 align:middle line:84% So essentially, as I touch things, 00:39:27.237 --> 00:39:28.320 align:middle line:90% they should be read aloud. 00:39:28.320 --> 00:39:33.700 align:middle line:90% 00:39:33.700 --> 00:39:35.258 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: I can't hear it. 00:39:35.258 --> 00:39:36.050 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:39:36.050 --> 00:39:37.930 align:middle line:84% So the audio is not shared, because I'm not 00:39:37.930 --> 00:39:39.430 align:middle line:90% sharing the screen. 00:39:39.430 --> 00:39:40.270 align:middle line:90% There. 00:39:40.270 --> 00:39:43.655 align:middle line:90% Volume is all the way up now. 00:39:43.655 --> 00:39:44.530 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Make cat noise. 00:39:44.530 --> 00:39:46.000 align:middle line:90% Workspace block one of nine. 00:39:46.000 --> 00:39:47.130 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:39:47.130 --> 00:39:48.600 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Could you hear that? 00:39:48.600 --> 00:39:49.205 align:middle line:90% BRIANNA: Yeah. 00:39:49.205 --> 00:39:49.600 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Yes. 00:39:49.600 --> 00:39:50.308 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: OK. 00:39:50.308 --> 00:39:51.055 align:middle line:90% So once again-- 00:39:51.055 --> 00:39:51.930 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Repeat forever. 00:39:51.930 --> 00:39:53.108 align:middle line:90% Workspace block two of nine. 00:39:53.108 --> 00:39:53.900 align:middle line:90% End repeat forever. 00:39:53.900 --> 00:39:54.690 align:middle line:90% Workspace block three of nine. 00:39:54.690 --> 00:39:55.860 align:middle line:90% Drive forward 60-- 00:39:55.860 --> 00:39:56.910 align:middle line:90% 60-- 60 centimeters. 00:39:56.910 --> 00:39:58.300 align:middle line:90% Fast button. 00:39:58.300 --> 00:40:00.970 align:middle line:84% Double tap to set-- set variable Cherry set to 56.0. 00:40:00.970 --> 00:40:02.220 align:middle line:90% Workspace block five of nine. 00:40:02.220 --> 00:40:03.986 align:middle line:90% Double tap to move block. 00:40:03.986 --> 00:40:07.020 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So that's me just sort of by touch-- 00:40:07.020 --> 00:40:09.150 align:middle line:84% I can touch anywhere on the screen. 00:40:09.150 --> 00:40:10.320 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Move left. 00:40:10.320 --> 00:40:11.005 align:middle line:90% In toolbox. 00:40:11.005 --> 00:40:12.630 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:40:12.630 --> 00:40:14.672 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And I will read what's under there. 00:40:14.672 --> 00:40:16.770 align:middle line:84% And then, to select it, you can double 00:40:16.770 --> 00:40:18.670 align:middle line:90% tap anywhere on the screen. 00:40:18.670 --> 00:40:21.060 align:middle line:84% So if I double tap right now, it should select 00:40:21.060 --> 00:40:22.800 align:middle line:90% whatever I was just looking at. 00:40:22.800 --> 00:40:25.120 align:middle line:90% 00:40:25.120 --> 00:40:25.620 align:middle line:90% Oops. 00:40:25.620 --> 00:40:26.410 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Drive forward selected. 00:40:26.410 --> 00:40:27.940 align:middle line:84% Select location in workspace to place it. 00:40:27.940 --> 00:40:28.880 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: I didn't quite double 00:40:28.880 --> 00:40:30.880 align:middle line:84% tap fast enough, because I'm doing it backwards. 00:40:30.880 --> 00:40:32.560 align:middle line:90% [LAUGHS] But OK. 00:40:32.560 --> 00:40:34.960 align:middle line:90% So now, if I select-- 00:40:34.960 --> 00:40:37.410 align:middle line:84% I would listen to select where I want it to go. 00:40:37.410 --> 00:40:39.610 align:middle line:84% So say I want it inside the repeat block. 00:40:39.610 --> 00:40:40.930 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Place drive forward before repeat forever. 00:40:40.930 --> 00:40:42.170 align:middle line:84% Workspace block-- place drive forward before 00:40:42.170 --> 00:40:42.880 align:middle line:90% repeat the [INAUDIBLE]. 00:40:42.880 --> 00:40:43.970 align:middle line:90% Workspace block three of eight. 00:40:43.970 --> 00:40:44.650 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So that's where I want to-- 00:40:44.650 --> 00:40:45.970 align:middle line:84% IPAD: Double tap to add drive forward block here. 00:40:45.970 --> 00:40:47.012 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: --place it. 00:40:47.012 --> 00:40:49.408 align:middle line:90% Then I can double tap. 00:40:49.408 --> 00:40:50.200 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Toolbox menu. 00:40:50.200 --> 00:40:51.303 align:middle line:90% Back button. 00:40:51.303 --> 00:40:52.970 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And it's now inside there. 00:40:52.970 --> 00:40:54.803 align:middle line:84% And then the other thing that I want to note 00:40:54.803 --> 00:40:56.500 align:middle line:84% is, you can either sort of do this 00:40:56.500 --> 00:41:00.170 align:middle line:84% by touch, so you sort of know where things are, or-- 00:41:00.170 --> 00:41:01.685 align:middle line:90% IPAD: [INAUDIBLE] in tool box. 00:41:01.685 --> 00:41:03.310 align:middle line:84% Double tap to place block in workspace. 00:41:03.310 --> 00:41:05.110 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: --you can swipe through, 00:41:05.110 --> 00:41:09.447 align:middle line:84% so this will go to the next element. 00:41:09.447 --> 00:41:10.280 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Look straight. 00:41:10.280 --> 00:41:11.030 align:middle line:90% Look left. 00:41:11.030 --> 00:41:11.530 align:middle line:90% Look right. 00:41:11.530 --> 00:41:12.642 align:middle line:90% Look forward. 00:41:12.642 --> 00:41:14.350 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: The next selectable element 00:41:14.350 --> 00:41:15.620 align:middle line:90% on the screen. 00:41:15.620 --> 00:41:16.780 align:middle line:90% So that's Voiceover. 00:41:16.780 --> 00:41:19.150 align:middle line:84% Did you want to see switch control? 00:41:19.150 --> 00:41:23.142 align:middle line:84% Or does that answer your question? 00:41:23.142 --> 00:41:24.350 align:middle line:90% SPEAKER 1: Yeah, that's fine. 00:41:24.350 --> 00:41:26.170 align:middle line:84% I just wanted to see how you were actually 00:41:26.170 --> 00:41:27.960 align:middle line:90% activating and moving things. 00:41:27.960 --> 00:41:28.780 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yes. 00:41:28.780 --> 00:41:29.655 align:middle line:90% SPEAKER 1: Thank you. 00:41:29.655 --> 00:41:30.730 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Mm-hmm. 00:41:30.730 --> 00:41:32.813 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: So just to repeat, there are two methods. 00:41:32.813 --> 00:41:37.100 align:middle line:84% One was one finger explore, which is standard in Voiceover. 00:41:37.100 --> 00:41:39.660 align:middle line:84% And the other one is flick through a list, 00:41:39.660 --> 00:41:41.330 align:middle line:90% which she did secondly. 00:41:41.330 --> 00:41:45.150 align:middle line:84% And those are both standard in Voiceover. 00:41:45.150 --> 00:41:48.130 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: [INAUDIBLE] Yeah. 00:41:48.130 --> 00:41:49.380 align:middle line:90% And if people are interested-- 00:41:49.380 --> 00:41:51.463 align:middle line:84% I mean, so the other thing we kind of talked about 00:41:51.463 --> 00:41:55.380 align:middle line:84% was the rotor movements, that we found kids had trouble with. 00:41:55.380 --> 00:41:57.650 align:middle line:84% Which is, it's like you put your hand 00:41:57.650 --> 00:41:58.900 align:middle line:90% like you're turning a rotor. 00:41:58.900 --> 00:42:02.820 align:middle line:84% So if you think about, like, old iPods, 00:42:02.820 --> 00:42:04.650 align:middle line:84% when they used to have rotors on the-- 00:42:04.650 --> 00:42:05.486 align:middle line:90% IPAD: Containers. 00:42:05.486 --> 00:42:06.400 align:middle line:90% Headings. 00:42:06.400 --> 00:42:11.702 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And so typically, on iOS apps, 00:42:11.702 --> 00:42:13.410 align:middle line:84% there's, like, a menu of options that you 00:42:13.410 --> 00:42:15.860 align:middle line:84% can access through the rotor, that tends 00:42:15.860 --> 00:42:18.780 align:middle line:90% to be specific to the app. 00:42:18.780 --> 00:42:19.410 align:middle line:90% But yeah. 00:42:19.410 --> 00:42:21.780 align:middle line:84% As I said, that gesture was challenging 00:42:21.780 --> 00:42:24.100 align:middle line:84% for a lot of people-- the kids we were working with. 00:42:24.100 --> 00:42:24.763 align:middle line:90% So-- 00:42:24.763 --> 00:42:26.430 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: I think if they were, you know, 00:42:26.430 --> 00:42:29.640 align:middle line:84% a Blocks4All for older kids-- which, you know, 00:42:29.640 --> 00:42:31.730 align:middle line:84% I would rather have them learn Quorum, 00:42:31.730 --> 00:42:35.880 align:middle line:84% personally-- but you know, maybe the rotor could come back 00:42:35.880 --> 00:42:38.680 align:middle line:90% and be a way of changing modes. 00:42:38.680 --> 00:42:40.173 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:42:40.173 --> 00:42:41.590 align:middle line:84% I could definitely imagine-- yeah, 00:42:41.590 --> 00:42:43.560 align:middle line:84% you could maybe have a set of settings, or something, 00:42:43.560 --> 00:42:45.560 align:middle line:84% like, if you're more advanced, or-- it's sort of 00:42:45.560 --> 00:42:46.420 align:middle line:90% built into it. 00:42:46.420 --> 00:42:48.060 align:middle line:90% But yeah. 00:42:48.060 --> 00:42:50.970 align:middle line:90% I think it seems like-- 00:42:50.970 --> 00:42:52.830 align:middle line:84% to us, I guess, or to me, at least-- 00:42:52.830 --> 00:42:55.350 align:middle line:84% the utility of these block-based languages 00:42:55.350 --> 00:42:56.520 align:middle line:90% seem to be more useful. 00:42:56.520 --> 00:42:59.150 align:middle line:84% I mean, especially for thinking about children, or people 00:42:59.150 --> 00:43:00.150 align:middle line:90% with visual impairments. 00:43:00.150 --> 00:43:04.260 align:middle line:84% It seems more important for the younger children, 00:43:04.260 --> 00:43:09.240 align:middle line:84% and perhaps older kids could learn text-based languages. 00:43:09.240 --> 00:43:12.060 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: For-- just a technical question. 00:43:12.060 --> 00:43:14.280 align:middle line:84% For the dash robot, itself, like, how hard 00:43:14.280 --> 00:43:17.280 align:middle line:84% was it to get code integrated into it? 00:43:17.280 --> 00:43:18.910 align:middle line:84% Like, how do you connect to the robot? 00:43:18.910 --> 00:43:20.970 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Well, it's pretty easy. 00:43:20.970 --> 00:43:23.820 align:middle line:84% They have, like, an open API, and they've been really-- like, 00:43:23.820 --> 00:43:25.510 align:middle line:90% we've talked to them. 00:43:25.510 --> 00:43:26.010 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:43:26.010 --> 00:43:27.870 align:middle line:84% They've been really open about sharing code, 00:43:27.870 --> 00:43:30.500 align:middle line:84% and sort of opening up functionality to us. 00:43:30.500 --> 00:43:31.760 align:middle line:90% ANDREAS STEFIK: Oh, really? 00:43:31.760 --> 00:43:32.800 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:43:32.800 --> 00:43:33.520 align:middle line:90% Yep. 00:43:33.520 --> 00:43:34.410 align:middle line:90% They've been great. 00:43:34.410 --> 00:43:36.170 align:middle line:90% But I think they have-- 00:43:36.170 --> 00:43:38.600 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: Is it, like, Bluetooth calls, or like-- 00:43:38.600 --> 00:43:38.750 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:43:38.750 --> 00:43:39.390 align:middle line:90% It's Bluetooth calls. 00:43:39.390 --> 00:43:40.060 align:middle line:90% Yep. 00:43:40.060 --> 00:43:41.233 align:middle line:90% ANDREAS STEFIK: OK. 00:43:41.233 --> 00:43:42.650 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: It's over Bluetooth. 00:43:42.650 --> 00:43:43.520 align:middle line:90% And they have iOS. 00:43:43.520 --> 00:43:45.942 align:middle line:90% I think they have Android API. 00:43:45.942 --> 00:43:46.530 align:middle line:90% So yeah. 00:43:46.530 --> 00:43:49.308 align:middle line:90% 00:43:49.308 --> 00:43:49.850 align:middle line:90% That's right. 00:43:49.850 --> 00:43:53.040 align:middle line:84% [LAUGHS] I can show you the code. 00:43:53.040 --> 00:43:55.650 align:middle line:84% I of course found a bug, like, an hour before. 00:43:55.650 --> 00:43:57.510 align:middle line:90% [LAUGHS] 00:43:57.510 --> 00:43:59.570 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: That's the reality of [INAUDIBLE] 00:43:59.570 --> 00:44:00.295 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: [INAUDIBLE] [LAUGHS] 00:44:00.295 --> 00:44:01.380 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: You'd expect nothing less. 00:44:01.380 --> 00:44:03.422 align:middle line:84% In fact, if you didn't have a bug an hour before, 00:44:03.422 --> 00:44:04.821 align:middle line:90% we'd be more suspicious. 00:44:04.821 --> 00:44:07.710 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: [LAUGHS] 00:44:07.710 --> 00:44:10.320 align:middle line:84% BRIANNA: How expensive are the dash and dot robots in terms 00:44:10.320 --> 00:44:11.733 align:middle line:90% of schools getting them? 00:44:11.733 --> 00:44:12.900 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Good question. 00:44:12.900 --> 00:44:15.470 align:middle line:90% I think they're maybe $100-- 00:44:15.470 --> 00:44:17.678 align:middle line:84% the blue one, which is actually the more fun 00:44:17.678 --> 00:44:18.720 align:middle line:90% robot that moves around-- 00:44:18.720 --> 00:44:21.810 align:middle line:84% I think it's maybe $120, or something. 00:44:21.810 --> 00:44:23.258 align:middle line:90% BRIANNA: That's not much. 00:44:23.258 --> 00:44:24.050 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:44:24.050 --> 00:44:29.290 align:middle line:84% And then this little green one is a lot cheaper. 00:44:29.290 --> 00:44:29.820 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:44:29.820 --> 00:44:34.320 align:middle line:84% Should get kickback, or something, for advertising 00:44:34.320 --> 00:44:35.330 align:middle line:90% for them. 00:44:35.330 --> 00:44:36.348 align:middle line:90% But yeah. 00:44:36.348 --> 00:44:37.890 align:middle line:84% The other cool thing-- so I mentioned 00:44:37.890 --> 00:44:39.610 align:middle line:84% about making the output accessible. 00:44:39.610 --> 00:44:42.320 align:middle line:84% And I did test with, like, five-year-olds, 00:44:42.320 --> 00:44:43.980 align:middle line:90% and I will say that they-- 00:44:43.980 --> 00:44:47.540 align:middle line:84% one of them, in particular, was, like, throwing the robot, 00:44:47.540 --> 00:44:50.190 align:middle line:90% and playing around. 00:44:50.190 --> 00:44:52.590 align:middle line:84% And in general, yeah, they're just very robust robots. 00:44:52.590 --> 00:44:55.110 align:middle line:84% So, like, I did a lot of user testing 00:44:55.110 --> 00:44:56.520 align:middle line:84% where they move the robot around, 00:44:56.520 --> 00:44:58.860 align:middle line:84% and you could feel the robot as it was moving. 00:44:58.860 --> 00:45:01.650 align:middle line:84% It's not, like, a delicate robot. 00:45:01.650 --> 00:45:03.740 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Lauren, this is Richard. 00:45:03.740 --> 00:45:04.950 align:middle line:90% Bryan has a question. 00:45:04.950 --> 00:45:06.960 align:middle line:84% Have you considered whether and how 00:45:06.960 --> 00:45:10.770 align:middle line:84% this should be used in an inclusion classroom setting? 00:45:10.770 --> 00:45:13.080 align:middle line:84% That would be, I guess, sighted and blind students 00:45:13.080 --> 00:45:15.870 align:middle line:84% in the same classroom-- which is a common case. 00:45:15.870 --> 00:45:18.555 align:middle line:84% Would you recommend using the app for all students? 00:45:18.555 --> 00:45:21.550 align:middle line:90% 00:45:21.550 --> 00:45:25.060 align:middle line:84% And what student-device ratio would you recommend? 00:45:25.060 --> 00:45:28.155 align:middle line:84% How many different devices do you need for the students? 00:45:28.155 --> 00:45:31.230 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: So I actually did-- 00:45:31.230 --> 00:45:32.850 align:middle line:90% I did a little bit of testing-- 00:45:32.850 --> 00:45:33.350 align:middle line:90% [DOG BARKS] 00:45:33.350 --> 00:45:34.080 align:middle line:90% Sorry. 00:45:34.080 --> 00:45:34.840 align:middle line:90% My dog's barking. 00:45:34.840 --> 00:45:35.923 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Is that your dog? 00:45:35.923 --> 00:45:38.310 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: [LAUGHS] But it wasn't an inclusive class. 00:45:38.310 --> 00:45:39.930 align:middle line:84% It was at the Washington State School 00:45:39.930 --> 00:45:44.160 align:middle line:84% for the Blind is where I did some classroom testing. 00:45:44.160 --> 00:45:49.470 align:middle line:84% And there, I found not having, maybe, 00:45:49.470 --> 00:45:53.845 align:middle line:84% like, two students on a device was about good enough. 00:45:53.845 --> 00:45:55.470 align:middle line:84% I think it's just hard to share an iPad 00:45:55.470 --> 00:45:57.900 align:middle line:90% with more than two students. 00:45:57.900 --> 00:46:00.120 align:middle line:84% But I did-- I mean, as you can see, 00:46:00.120 --> 00:46:01.920 align:middle line:84% the app does have a lot of visuals, 00:46:01.920 --> 00:46:06.570 align:middle line:84% so it would work with some who is sighted. 00:46:06.570 --> 00:46:08.280 align:middle line:90% They'd also be able to use it. 00:46:08.280 --> 00:46:10.340 align:middle line:84% And on a lot of these that are testing now-- 00:46:10.340 --> 00:46:12.090 align:middle line:84% a lot of times, at the end of the session, 00:46:12.090 --> 00:46:15.510 align:middle line:84% I'd work with kids who had siblings who were sighted, 00:46:15.510 --> 00:46:17.550 align:middle line:84% and they would come and join, and sort of 00:46:17.550 --> 00:46:20.310 align:middle line:90% build the app together. 00:46:20.310 --> 00:46:21.792 align:middle line:90% But yeah. 00:46:21.792 --> 00:46:23.250 align:middle line:84% I don't have a ton of data on that. 00:46:23.250 --> 00:46:25.440 align:middle line:84% But I think having around two kids, 00:46:25.440 --> 00:46:29.950 align:middle line:84% I think, should work just fine to have visually impaired 00:46:29.950 --> 00:46:33.460 align:middle line:90% student and sighted students. 00:46:33.460 --> 00:46:34.672 align:middle line:90% The sighted student would-- 00:46:34.672 --> 00:46:36.130 align:middle line:84% I mean, if they have Voiceover on-- 00:46:36.130 --> 00:46:38.270 align:middle line:84% would have to sort of get used to the Voiceover. 00:46:38.270 --> 00:46:40.533 align:middle line:90% But I think that's not-- 00:46:40.533 --> 00:46:42.450 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Bryan, I would just add that if there 00:46:42.450 --> 00:46:44.920 align:middle line:84% were multiple robots in the class, 00:46:44.920 --> 00:46:47.310 align:middle line:90% you know, you get the choice. 00:46:47.310 --> 00:46:49.800 align:middle line:84% You know, all those robots will show up on a screen, 00:46:49.800 --> 00:46:52.230 align:middle line:84% and you get to choose the one that you're using. 00:46:52.230 --> 00:46:53.920 align:middle line:84% And other people could use other ones. 00:46:53.920 --> 00:46:56.320 align:middle line:84% So there's not going to be a conflict. 00:46:56.320 --> 00:47:00.030 align:middle line:84% There could be a conflict, but making sure people 00:47:00.030 --> 00:47:03.078 align:middle line:84% choose different robots as their destination. 00:47:03.078 --> 00:47:03.870 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:47:03.870 --> 00:47:05.670 align:middle line:84% And I think that the robot can only 00:47:05.670 --> 00:47:07.290 align:middle line:90% be connected to one device. 00:47:07.290 --> 00:47:09.930 align:middle line:84% Each robot can only be connected to one device at a time. 00:47:09.930 --> 00:47:12.210 align:middle line:84% Technically, I allow you to connect multiple robots 00:47:12.210 --> 00:47:15.570 align:middle line:90% to the same device. 00:47:15.570 --> 00:47:17.640 align:middle line:84% But yeah-- you could have multiple robots 00:47:17.640 --> 00:47:19.020 align:middle line:90% and iPad combinations. 00:47:19.020 --> 00:47:22.360 align:middle line:90% 00:47:22.360 --> 00:47:24.130 align:middle line:90% Good question. 00:47:24.130 --> 00:47:25.130 align:middle line:90% I should ask my husband. 00:47:25.130 --> 00:47:29.120 align:middle line:84% So my husband is actually a sped teacher 00:47:29.120 --> 00:47:30.438 align:middle line:90% who does inclusive classrooms. 00:47:30.438 --> 00:47:32.480 align:middle line:84% And I think he's using-- he hasn't used this app, 00:47:32.480 --> 00:47:38.090 align:middle line:84% but he's used the dash robot app. 00:47:38.090 --> 00:47:41.120 align:middle line:84% And I think he's been able to deal with multiple-- 00:47:41.120 --> 00:47:42.660 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Multiple robots. 00:47:42.660 --> 00:47:44.310 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:47:44.310 --> 00:47:46.310 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: It would be kind of interesting to have 00:47:46.310 --> 00:47:49.897 align:middle line:84% people write a program where the robots are interacting. 00:47:49.897 --> 00:47:51.230 align:middle line:90% And I wonder if that's possible. 00:47:51.230 --> 00:47:52.350 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:47:52.350 --> 00:47:53.760 align:middle line:90% Yeah, they definitely are. 00:47:53.760 --> 00:47:55.820 align:middle line:84% So, as I kind of showed you, the block-- like, 00:47:55.820 --> 00:47:58.070 align:middle line:90% it can turn towards a voice. 00:47:58.070 --> 00:48:00.507 align:middle line:84% You can definitely have the robots-- 00:48:00.507 --> 00:48:02.090 align:middle line:84% there's a couple of different sensors. 00:48:02.090 --> 00:48:05.660 align:middle line:90% It can listen for noises. 00:48:05.660 --> 00:48:08.150 align:middle line:84% On the blue robots, it can detect if they're 00:48:08.150 --> 00:48:09.440 align:middle line:90% about to bump into something. 00:48:09.440 --> 00:48:12.380 align:middle line:84% So you could sort of imagine an interaction like that. 00:48:12.380 --> 00:48:17.350 align:middle line:90% 00:48:17.350 --> 00:48:19.440 align:middle line:84% BRIANNA: I just dropped a link in the chat 00:48:19.440 --> 00:48:21.500 align:middle line:84% to the video we made a couple of years ago. 00:48:21.500 --> 00:48:25.060 align:middle line:84% So if anyone is curious to see a student using 00:48:25.060 --> 00:48:28.842 align:middle line:84% it-- do you want to say a little bit more about Boone, Lauren? 00:48:28.842 --> 00:48:29.800 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Oh, yeah. 00:48:29.800 --> 00:48:34.420 align:middle line:84% He was a fantastic student who-- yeah, 00:48:34.420 --> 00:48:37.630 align:middle line:84% he was definitely a Voiceover expert. 00:48:37.630 --> 00:48:41.080 align:middle line:84% And he was-- yeah, he was great using the app, 00:48:41.080 --> 00:48:43.260 align:middle line:84% and he could build very complex programs. 00:48:43.260 --> 00:48:46.750 align:middle line:84% And picked up programming very quickly. 00:48:46.750 --> 00:48:48.430 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: In fact, this video features 00:48:48.430 --> 00:48:53.630 align:middle line:84% Boone and his parents, actually, talking about their son. 00:48:53.630 --> 00:48:56.800 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: And I will say-- so he had a younger brother who 00:48:56.800 --> 00:48:58.920 align:middle line:90% really enjoyed-- 00:48:58.920 --> 00:49:00.717 align:middle line:90% they played together. 00:49:00.717 --> 00:49:02.550 align:middle line:84% usually at the end of sessions, they would-- 00:49:02.550 --> 00:49:04.258 align:middle line:84% his younger brother was sighted, and they 00:49:04.258 --> 00:49:08.300 align:middle line:90% would build programs together. 00:49:08.300 --> 00:49:10.630 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: So BRIANNA, is that linked to the STEM 00:49:10.630 --> 00:49:12.400 align:middle line:90% For All video showcase? 00:49:12.400 --> 00:49:12.900 align:middle line:90% BRIANNA: No. 00:49:12.900 --> 00:49:14.830 align:middle line:90% That's just on our website. 00:49:14.830 --> 00:49:16.423 align:middle line:84% I can find it on the STEM For All. 00:49:16.423 --> 00:49:19.090 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: And the reason to go to the STEM For All video showcase 00:49:19.090 --> 00:49:21.215 align:middle line:84% is that you can see, you know, hundreds-- actually, 00:49:21.215 --> 00:49:22.718 align:middle line:90% there's this-- 00:49:22.718 --> 00:49:24.010 align:middle line:90% I forget what it's called, now. 00:49:24.010 --> 00:49:26.870 align:middle line:84% They merged them all together-- like, five years of videos. 00:49:26.870 --> 00:49:29.890 align:middle line:90% So there's, like, 1,000 videos. 00:49:29.890 --> 00:49:31.960 align:middle line:84% And use that to search for Blocks 00:49:31.960 --> 00:49:34.060 align:middle line:90% For All to find this one. 00:49:34.060 --> 00:49:37.210 align:middle line:84% I think it's called Multiplexer, something like that. 00:49:37.210 --> 00:49:39.040 align:middle line:90% STEM For All Multiplex. 00:49:39.040 --> 00:49:40.610 align:middle line:90% Do a search. 00:49:40.610 --> 00:49:44.590 align:middle line:84% And then we could send it an email, later, too. 00:49:44.590 --> 00:49:46.420 align:middle line:84% What's neat about that is that it 00:49:46.420 --> 00:49:48.700 align:middle line:84% tracks, around the world, who's actually 00:49:48.700 --> 00:49:50.500 align:middle line:90% watching different videos. 00:49:50.500 --> 00:49:54.430 align:middle line:84% And I've noticed that our video has been watched by over 1,000 00:49:54.430 --> 00:49:55.600 align:middle line:90% different people, in-- 00:49:55.600 --> 00:49:56.390 align:middle line:90% I don't know-- 00:49:56.390 --> 00:49:58.510 align:middle line:90% 50 countries around the world. 00:49:58.510 --> 00:50:00.550 align:middle line:90% So yeah. 00:50:00.550 --> 00:50:01.930 align:middle line:90% Lauren is becoming famous. 00:50:01.930 --> 00:50:06.568 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: [LAUGHS] Well-- 00:50:06.568 --> 00:50:07.360 align:middle line:90% yeah, I don't know. 00:50:07.360 --> 00:50:08.902 align:middle line:84% I mean, I think the frustrating thing 00:50:08.902 --> 00:50:15.520 align:middle line:84% is that there are very few accessible programming 00:50:15.520 --> 00:50:18.395 align:middle line:84% languages and programming apps, especially for kids. 00:50:18.395 --> 00:50:19.270 align:middle line:90% ANDREAS STEFIK: Yeah. 00:50:19.270 --> 00:50:20.490 align:middle line:90% Especially at young ages. 00:50:20.490 --> 00:50:20.990 align:middle line:90% Right? 00:50:20.990 --> 00:50:22.820 align:middle line:84% Because, I know that, you know, Bootstrap 00:50:22.820 --> 00:50:24.580 align:middle line:84% has been adding some stuff in for Blocks 00:50:24.580 --> 00:50:26.200 align:middle line:84% to make it accessible, which is great. 00:50:26.200 --> 00:50:28.870 align:middle line:84% But it's definitely geared to older-- not younger, 00:50:28.870 --> 00:50:30.700 align:middle line:90% as yours is. 00:50:30.700 --> 00:50:32.620 align:middle line:90% I was going ask-- 00:50:32.620 --> 00:50:33.580 align:middle line:90% I know you're on-- 00:50:33.580 --> 00:50:35.080 align:middle line:84% I forgot what they call it on Apple. 00:50:35.080 --> 00:50:36.058 align:middle line:90% Test Flight, right? 00:50:36.058 --> 00:50:36.850 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:50:36.850 --> 00:50:38.850 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: That's what you're on right now. 00:50:38.850 --> 00:50:40.810 align:middle line:84% Are you planning on making that into something 00:50:40.810 --> 00:50:43.690 align:middle line:84% more official on Apple, so that people can use it 00:50:43.690 --> 00:50:44.790 align:middle line:90% or what are your plans? 00:50:44.790 --> 00:50:45.540 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yes. 00:50:45.540 --> 00:50:48.190 align:middle line:90% Yeah, I would like to-- 00:50:48.190 --> 00:50:50.300 align:middle line:84% so this is my second year of teaching, 00:50:50.300 --> 00:50:52.760 align:middle line:84% and my first year working with students. 00:50:52.760 --> 00:50:54.970 align:middle line:84% I think there's a lot of debugging 00:50:54.970 --> 00:50:59.140 align:middle line:84% that I need to do before sort of releasing it 00:50:59.140 --> 00:51:01.150 align:middle line:90% widely outside of the beta one. 00:51:01.150 --> 00:51:02.650 align:middle line:84% And the nice thing about Test Flight 00:51:02.650 --> 00:51:06.870 align:middle line:84% is you can collect error reports and stuff pretty easily. 00:51:06.870 --> 00:51:10.678 align:middle line:84% But yeah-- I'd like to deploy it on the appstore. 00:51:10.678 --> 00:51:12.220 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: Because I know that-- 00:51:12.220 --> 00:51:16.050 align:middle line:84% I ask because I know there's a lot of teachers 00:51:16.050 --> 00:51:19.510 align:middle line:84% in the blind and visually impaired community nationwide 00:51:19.510 --> 00:51:22.270 align:middle line:84% that, you know, like you said, once they kind of get 00:51:22.270 --> 00:51:24.270 align:middle line:84% their kids up to a certain age-- like, at least, 00:51:24.270 --> 00:51:25.480 align:middle line:84% like, middle school, or something-- you know, 00:51:25.480 --> 00:51:26.920 align:middle line:84% the kids can read, and like, they 00:51:26.920 --> 00:51:28.720 align:middle line:90% can use a screen reader-ish. 00:51:28.720 --> 00:51:29.350 align:middle line:90% Right? 00:51:29.350 --> 00:51:31.000 align:middle line:84% So a text-based language isn't so bad. 00:51:31.000 --> 00:51:34.630 align:middle line:84% But like young kids, there's very little to help them. 00:51:34.630 --> 00:51:37.480 align:middle line:84% The only other project I know of is Code Jumper. 00:51:37.480 --> 00:51:39.088 align:middle line:84% But it hasn't even been released, yet. 00:51:39.088 --> 00:51:39.880 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:51:39.880 --> 00:51:42.003 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: Schools are kind of in a bind. 00:51:42.003 --> 00:51:43.420 align:middle line:84% I know there are some schools that 00:51:43.420 --> 00:51:46.360 align:middle line:84% try to do, like, LEGO robots in elementary school. 00:51:46.360 --> 00:51:48.158 align:middle line:84% But it's just real tough at that age. 00:51:48.158 --> 00:51:48.950 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:51:48.950 --> 00:51:51.580 align:middle line:84% And I know some schools where they were actually, like, 00:51:51.580 --> 00:51:52.690 align:middle line:90% 3D printing-- 00:51:52.690 --> 00:51:54.940 align:middle line:84% you know, they'd have their visually impaired students 00:51:54.940 --> 00:51:56.660 align:middle line:90% just use printed blocks. 00:51:56.660 --> 00:51:58.880 align:middle line:84% But they weren't actually programming. 00:51:58.880 --> 00:52:00.463 align:middle line:84% You know, they were doing it, and then 00:52:00.463 --> 00:52:02.880 align:middle line:84% they'd have a sighted student, like, transcribe the thing. 00:52:02.880 --> 00:52:03.380 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:52:03.380 --> 00:52:06.130 align:middle line:84% And I mean, I have had-- feel free to redirect people to me. 00:52:06.130 --> 00:52:07.600 align:middle line:84% But I've had a number of teachers, 00:52:07.600 --> 00:52:10.282 align:middle line:84% you know-- a lot of teachers are doing the beta testing. 00:52:10.282 --> 00:52:11.740 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: I was going to say, 00:52:11.740 --> 00:52:14.650 align:middle line:84% I was going to encourage you-- even if it's imperfect, 00:52:14.650 --> 00:52:18.700 align:middle line:84% if you get even, like, you know, the top 10 most devious bugs 00:52:18.700 --> 00:52:20.860 align:middle line:84% out, even having an imperfect release 00:52:20.860 --> 00:52:22.328 align:middle line:90% might actually help teachers. 00:52:22.328 --> 00:52:23.120 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:52:23.120 --> 00:52:23.740 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: You know, it might 00:52:23.740 --> 00:52:25.630 align:middle line:84% work for the common cases, or something, 00:52:25.630 --> 00:52:26.713 align:middle line:90% and have some other flaws. 00:52:26.713 --> 00:52:29.083 align:middle line:84% So I wouldn't-- you know, I wouldn't worry too much 00:52:29.083 --> 00:52:30.250 align:middle line:90% if there's a couple of bugs. 00:52:30.250 --> 00:52:31.258 align:middle line:90% It does happen. 00:52:31.258 --> 00:52:32.050 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:52:32.050 --> 00:52:33.430 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: I think what Stefik is saying-- 00:52:33.430 --> 00:52:35.150 align:middle line:84% and he's been through this many times-- 00:52:35.150 --> 00:52:37.580 align:middle line:90% he just released Quorum Studio. 00:52:37.580 --> 00:52:40.750 align:middle line:84% Of course, it went through a lot of early testing 00:52:40.750 --> 00:52:43.928 align:middle line:84% with a closed group, like something like Test Flight. 00:52:43.928 --> 00:52:45.220 align:middle line:90% And they got a lot of bugs out. 00:52:45.220 --> 00:52:47.262 align:middle line:84% But then they released it, and sure enough, there 00:52:47.262 --> 00:52:48.545 align:middle line:90% were more bugs. 00:52:48.545 --> 00:52:49.420 align:middle line:90% ANDREAS STEFIK: Yeah. 00:52:49.420 --> 00:52:51.972 align:middle line:84% And one was a crash bug, and that makes me really mad. 00:52:51.972 --> 00:52:52.930 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Oh, yeah. 00:52:52.930 --> 00:52:55.710 align:middle line:90% We have a good crash bug. 00:52:55.710 --> 00:53:00.800 align:middle line:84% But it only appears if the app, like, disappears from memory-- 00:53:00.800 --> 00:53:03.490 align:middle line:84% which it takes, like, a couple of months for that to happen. 00:53:03.490 --> 00:53:07.422 align:middle line:84% So it only appears, like, if it's been on your phone 00:53:07.422 --> 00:53:09.800 align:middle line:84% in particular situations for a couple months. 00:53:09.800 --> 00:53:10.300 align:middle line:90% So it-- 00:53:10.300 --> 00:53:13.100 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: Now, that sounds like it's deploy ready. 00:53:13.100 --> 00:53:15.350 align:middle line:84% I mean, reality is nothing's perfect. 00:53:15.350 --> 00:53:17.290 align:middle line:90% You know? 00:53:17.290 --> 00:53:20.290 align:middle line:84% Even if we spent all day, every day doing only bug fixing, 00:53:20.290 --> 00:53:21.670 align:middle line:90% we'd never get to new features. 00:53:21.670 --> 00:53:23.372 align:middle line:90% I mean, it's complicated. 00:53:23.372 --> 00:53:25.330 align:middle line:84% Any kind of engineering like that is a tricky-- 00:53:25.330 --> 00:53:27.663 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: There's something called "diminishing returns." 00:53:27.663 --> 00:53:31.480 align:middle line:84% You know, after a while, you've got to put it out, and then 00:53:31.480 --> 00:53:32.733 align:middle line:90% get ready for, you know-- 00:53:32.733 --> 00:53:34.900 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: I mean, only you know if it's ready. 00:53:34.900 --> 00:53:36.490 align:middle line:84% I'm just saying, I know that there's interest. 00:53:36.490 --> 00:53:36.990 align:middle line:90% So-- 00:53:36.990 --> 00:53:38.050 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Oh, good. 00:53:38.050 --> 00:53:38.550 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:53:38.550 --> 00:53:40.000 align:middle line:90% I think-- yeah. 00:53:40.000 --> 00:53:40.660 align:middle line:90% We'll see. 00:53:40.660 --> 00:53:43.600 align:middle line:84% I have an interesting semester, but I'm 00:53:43.600 --> 00:53:45.570 align:middle line:90% going to try to get it out soon. 00:53:45.570 --> 00:53:47.695 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: One thing Lauren and I think that-- and we 00:53:47.695 --> 00:53:52.090 align:middle line:84% talked about this in the past-- is to create an hour of code 00:53:52.090 --> 00:53:54.680 align:middle line:84% based on this, and people would have to, of course, 00:53:54.680 --> 00:53:55.380 align:middle line:90% have the robot. 00:53:55.380 --> 00:53:56.785 align:middle line:84% You're not going to provide that. 00:53:56.785 --> 00:53:58.160 align:middle line:84% But once you have the robot, then 00:53:58.160 --> 00:54:00.340 align:middle line:90% you just download the program. 00:54:00.340 --> 00:54:02.520 align:middle line:84% And by then, you should have it public. 00:54:02.520 --> 00:54:04.938 align:middle line:84% It would be-- anybody could download it. 00:54:04.938 --> 00:54:05.730 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:54:05.730 --> 00:54:11.470 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: And I think Apple would be very helpful in promoting 00:54:11.470 --> 00:54:14.740 align:middle line:84% it, because they are an accessibility 00:54:14.740 --> 00:54:16.930 align:middle line:90% focused organization. 00:54:16.930 --> 00:54:22.150 align:middle line:84% And so I'm sure they can help with sort of-- 00:54:22.150 --> 00:54:26.070 align:middle line:84% maybe even doing some of the debugging before it comes out. 00:54:26.070 --> 00:54:26.862 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yeah. 00:54:26.862 --> 00:54:29.783 align:middle line:90% 00:54:29.783 --> 00:54:31.700 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: Also, I'll say one last thing. 00:54:31.700 --> 00:54:33.230 align:middle line:84% Just thank you for doing this work. 00:54:33.230 --> 00:54:35.500 align:middle line:84% Because, like, we need more of it at that age. 00:54:35.500 --> 00:54:37.970 align:middle line:84% So just from one person in the community, 00:54:37.970 --> 00:54:39.670 align:middle line:84% I appreciate the work you do a lot. 00:54:39.670 --> 00:54:41.363 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Thanks. 00:54:41.363 --> 00:54:43.530 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: Are there any other questions from anybody? 00:54:43.530 --> 00:54:47.050 align:middle line:84% We're close to the witching hour, here. 00:54:47.050 --> 00:54:48.020 align:middle line:90% The 10:00 hour. 00:54:48.020 --> 00:54:49.797 align:middle line:90% 00:54:49.797 --> 00:54:51.630 align:middle line:84% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: This is Bryan from code.org. 00:54:51.630 --> 00:54:52.455 align:middle line:90% Can you hear me? 00:54:52.455 --> 00:54:53.330 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: Yeah, Bryan. 00:54:53.330 --> 00:54:53.970 align:middle line:90% Go ahead. 00:54:53.970 --> 00:54:54.150 align:middle line:90% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: Hi. 00:54:54.150 --> 00:54:55.730 align:middle line:90% I had a question about methods. 00:54:55.730 --> 00:54:58.640 align:middle line:84% When you're about reading Blocks For All, 00:54:58.640 --> 00:55:04.610 align:middle line:84% or any other visual coding language or tool for students 00:55:04.610 --> 00:55:07.820 align:middle line:84% with visual impairments, what do you 00:55:07.820 --> 00:55:11.210 align:middle line:84% consider when you're thinking about how effective it is? 00:55:11.210 --> 00:55:14.610 align:middle line:84% So, like, do consider the speed at which they complete a task, 00:55:14.610 --> 00:55:16.050 align:middle line:90% or if they get stuck, or-- 00:55:16.050 --> 00:55:19.370 align:middle line:84% like, what dimensions do you, like, I guess, use to quantify 00:55:19.370 --> 00:55:22.062 align:middle line:84% or qualify the success of the product? 00:55:22.062 --> 00:55:23.270 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Great question. 00:55:23.270 --> 00:55:25.850 align:middle line:84% And I'll say that this is a really interesting population 00:55:25.850 --> 00:55:27.500 align:middle line:84% to work with, because it's very small. 00:55:27.500 --> 00:55:30.710 align:middle line:84% So, like, for example, when I was doing my initial testing, 00:55:30.710 --> 00:55:37.280 align:middle line:84% and I wanted to work with sort of academic Braille readers-- 00:55:37.280 --> 00:55:39.710 align:middle line:84% so this would be students who are visually impaired enough 00:55:39.710 --> 00:55:42.040 align:middle line:84% that they would read Braille, you know, 00:55:42.040 --> 00:55:44.430 align:middle line:90% probably using a screen reader-- 00:55:44.430 --> 00:55:50.380 align:middle line:84% but are sort of at grade level for studying. 00:55:50.380 --> 00:55:52.330 align:middle line:84% I think there is something like 12 of them 00:55:52.330 --> 00:55:56.270 align:middle line:84% in the entire Seattle public school system. 00:55:56.270 --> 00:55:58.330 align:middle line:90% You know-- from K to 12. 00:55:58.330 --> 00:56:02.980 align:middle line:84% So I ended up testing with kids in a pretty wide range 00:56:02.980 --> 00:56:07.180 align:middle line:84% of ages, a relatively wide range of visual impairments, 00:56:07.180 --> 00:56:12.220 align:middle line:84% and some of the students were sort of at grade level, 00:56:12.220 --> 00:56:15.470 align:middle line:84% and some of them were a little behind grade level. 00:56:15.470 --> 00:56:17.020 align:middle line:90% So it's really-- 00:56:17.020 --> 00:56:19.750 align:middle line:84% I collected, like, quantitative data in terms of, 00:56:19.750 --> 00:56:22.850 align:middle line:84% like, how long it took them to build-- you know, 00:56:22.850 --> 00:56:23.920 align:middle line:90% I had certain tasks. 00:56:23.920 --> 00:56:26.660 align:middle line:84% Like, they had to build a program. 00:56:26.660 --> 00:56:28.480 align:middle line:90% I think I had some debug tasks. 00:56:28.480 --> 00:56:31.830 align:middle line:84% Like, can they figure out why the robot is doing-- 00:56:31.830 --> 00:56:34.660 align:middle line:84% you know, isn't going in a square, or something like that. 00:56:34.660 --> 00:56:37.625 align:middle line:90% 00:56:37.625 --> 00:56:38.125 align:middle line:90% But-- 00:56:38.125 --> 00:56:39.940 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: You also had a task where 00:56:39.940 --> 00:56:42.220 align:middle line:84% they had to explain what the program does. 00:56:42.220 --> 00:56:42.970 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Yep. 00:56:42.970 --> 00:56:45.280 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:56:45.280 --> 00:56:50.230 align:middle line:84% And mainly what I would end up reporting is sort of the more-- 00:56:50.230 --> 00:56:53.770 align:middle line:84% I was more interested in can they actually do it 00:56:53.770 --> 00:56:58.060 align:middle line:84% once they've been trained, and less in, like, 00:56:58.060 --> 00:57:03.370 align:middle line:84% how long exactly it takes them to do something. 00:57:03.370 --> 00:57:07.788 align:middle line:84% You know, sort of the benchmark is they can't-- 00:57:07.788 --> 00:57:09.580 align:middle line:84% currently, you know, there is no other sort 00:57:09.580 --> 00:57:11.080 align:middle line:90% of accessible program out there. 00:57:11.080 --> 00:57:13.210 align:middle line:90% So there was-- yeah. 00:57:13.210 --> 00:57:15.310 align:middle line:84% Sort of, "is it possible?" was the first question 00:57:15.310 --> 00:57:17.240 align:middle line:90% we were really trying to answer. 00:57:17.240 --> 00:57:19.960 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: So Bryan, there is a paper in the CHI Conference 00:57:19.960 --> 00:57:21.670 align:middle line:90% 2018. 00:57:21.670 --> 00:57:23.470 align:middle line:84% And maybe we can send a link for that, 00:57:23.470 --> 00:57:25.618 align:middle line:90% as well, around to everybody. 00:57:25.618 --> 00:57:26.660 align:middle line:90% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: Oh, cool. 00:57:26.660 --> 00:57:27.200 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:57:27.200 --> 00:57:29.635 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: It talks about how the evaluation was done. 00:57:29.635 --> 00:57:31.360 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: For evaluating any kind of programming 00:57:31.360 --> 00:57:33.400 align:middle line:84% languages in general, too-- oftentimes, when 00:57:33.400 --> 00:57:35.860 align:middle line:84% the feature is brand new, what Lauren 00:57:35.860 --> 00:57:37.360 align:middle line:90% did made sense to my brain. 00:57:37.360 --> 00:57:38.483 align:middle line:90% You try it first. 00:57:38.483 --> 00:57:40.900 align:middle line:84% And then, once you do that, if you want to make it better, 00:57:40.900 --> 00:57:42.192 align:middle line:90% you can do comparative studies. 00:57:42.192 --> 00:57:44.930 align:middle line:84% But people don't usually do that till the next step. 00:57:44.930 --> 00:57:46.215 align:middle line:90% That's what I usually see. 00:57:46.215 --> 00:57:47.590 align:middle line:84% So, like, I can imagine her doing 00:57:47.590 --> 00:57:49.540 align:middle line:84% a study on her function thing, or something, 00:57:49.540 --> 00:57:51.058 align:middle line:90% or comparing one-- 00:57:51.058 --> 00:57:53.350 align:middle line:84% whether it's at the bottom with the tactile perception, 00:57:53.350 --> 00:57:55.870 align:middle line:84% or in the middle, which I imagine makes sense. 00:57:55.870 --> 00:57:58.480 align:middle line:84% I mean, one or the other might work out, 00:57:58.480 --> 00:57:59.590 align:middle line:90% depending on the group. 00:57:59.590 --> 00:58:01.630 align:middle line:84% But I imagine that sort of thing would have 00:58:01.630 --> 00:58:03.340 align:middle line:90% to be done after the initial-- 00:58:03.340 --> 00:58:06.865 align:middle line:84% hey, can anybody use this thing at all? 00:58:06.865 --> 00:58:12.430 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: So Brianna put the link to the paper in the chat. 00:58:12.430 --> 00:58:15.580 align:middle line:84% And it's behind the firewall-- the ACM firewall, 00:58:15.580 --> 00:58:17.150 align:middle line:90% or whatever you call it. 00:58:17.150 --> 00:58:18.220 align:middle line:90% Paywall. 00:58:18.220 --> 00:58:21.910 align:middle line:84% So, you know, people at universities and places 00:58:21.910 --> 00:58:23.482 align:middle line:84% like Google, and other places, should 00:58:23.482 --> 00:58:24.940 align:middle line:84% be able to get to it pretty easily. 00:58:24.940 --> 00:58:29.590 align:middle line:90% 00:58:29.590 --> 00:58:30.590 align:middle line:90% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: Awesome. 00:58:30.590 --> 00:58:32.806 align:middle line:90% Thank you. 00:58:32.806 --> 00:58:35.750 align:middle line:84% BRIANNA: I think we are right about at our time. 00:58:35.750 --> 00:58:38.250 align:middle line:84% Thank you, Lauren, for taking the time to put this together, 00:58:38.250 --> 00:58:39.083 align:middle line:90% and sharing with us. 00:58:39.083 --> 00:58:41.608 align:middle line:84% And thanks, everybody else, for coming. 00:58:41.608 --> 00:58:43.400 align:middle line:84% RICHARD: And Lauren, that was a great demo. 00:58:43.400 --> 00:58:44.467 align:middle line:90% Thank you. 00:58:44.467 --> 00:58:45.550 align:middle line:90% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: Thank you. 00:58:45.550 --> 00:58:47.760 align:middle line:84% LAUREN MILNE: Anyone can feel free to email me. 00:58:47.760 --> 00:58:50.640 align:middle line:84% ANDREAS STEFIK: And congrats for another reason that no one 00:58:50.640 --> 00:58:53.190 align:middle line:90% said. 00:58:53.190 --> 00:58:53.690 align:middle line:90% RICHARD: OK. 00:58:53.690 --> 00:58:54.700 align:middle line:90% Bye, everyone. 00:58:54.700 --> 00:58:55.450 align:middle line:90% LAUREN MILNE: Bye. 00:58:55.450 --> 00:58:56.650 align:middle line:90% BRIANNA: Bye. 00:58:56.650 --> 00:58:58.200 align:middle line:90% BRYAN DJUNAEDI: See you.