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Copyright Permissions Center

Fair Use Guidelines: Copyright Information

Under certain conditions, some copyrighted material may legally be reproduced for classroom use. However, many publishers have expressed concern about unauthorized use of such material. If you think reproduction of copyrighted materials is allowable in your case, you should know that "Fair Use" has many restrictions. Among other limitations, fair use may exclude materials used for more than one school quarter and also may forbid the creation of compilations or collected works, even if they're distributed one article at a time.

The Update to the Copyright Act of 1976, Guidelines for Educators, revised January 1987, is available for review at all library reference stations and campus Copy Centers. This publication reviews the concept of fair use as embodied in — 107 of the Copyright Act and the Fair Use Guidelines. A summary of these guidelines in contained below.

Fair Use Guidelines:

From the Federal Copyright Act of 1976/

Guidelines For Educators/Revised 1987

Under the "Fair Use" guidelines, you may copy a portion of a copyrighted work without copyright infringement only if all the guidelines below are met. If the guidelines are not met, copyright permission should be sought.

There are some restrictions regarding producing multiple copies for classroom use.

Copying shall not:

• be repeated with respect to the same item by same instructor from term to term.
• be used to create or to replace...anthologies, compilations, or collective works.
• substitute for the purchase of books, publishers reprints or periodicals.
• be directed by a higher authority (i.e. copying must be at the inspiration and direction of the individual instructor).
• be of or from works intended to be "consumable" in the course of teaching. These include workbooks, exercises, standardized test booklets and answer sheets...

And

The following limitations on the portion of the copyrighted work must be applied.

• Poetry - (a) a complete poem if it is less than 250 works and if it is printed on not more than two pages or, (b) from a longer poem, you may make on excerpt of not more than 250 words...
• Prose - (a) either a complete article, story, or essay is allowed if it is less than 2,500 words, or (b) an excerpt from any prose work of note more than 1,000 words or 10% of the work...
• Illustrations - one chart, diagram, drawing graph, cartoon, or picture per book or periodical issue.
• Special works - works that combine text with illustrations such as children's books or poetry. No more than 10% of the words in the text may be used without permission.

Also

Permission may not be required in the work is used only once and "the inspiration and decision to use the work and the moment of its use fo maximu effectiveness are so close in time that it would be unreasonable to expect a timely reply to a request for permission."

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